ISO 17572-2:2015

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 17572-2
Second edition
2015-01-15
Intelligent transport systems (ITS) —
Location referencing for geographic
databases —
Part 2:
Pre-coded location references (pre-
coded profile)
Systèmes intelligents de transport (SIT) — Localisation pour bases de
données géographiques —
Partie 2: Localisations précodées (profil précodé)
Reference number
ISO 17572-2:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015

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ISO 17572-2:2015(E)

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ISO 17572-2:2015(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 2
5 Requirements for a location referencing standard . 2
6 Conceptual data model for location referencing methods . 2
7 Specification of pre-coded location references . 3
7.1 General concept . 3
7.2 Location database creation and updating . 4
7.3 Location database provision . 4
7.4 Location database usage . 4
8 Implementations at present . 4
8.1 General . 4
8.2 Vehicle Information and Communication System (VICS) . 4
8.3 Traffic Message Channel (TMC)/ALERT-C Specification . 5
8.4 Korean node link ID system . 6
8.5 Road Section Identification Data set . 6
Annex A (informative) Logical format for VICS link location . 8
Annex B (informative) ALERT-C location reference, TPEG2 logical structure .28
Annex C (normative) ALERT-C location reference, TPEG2 binary representation .31
Annex D (normative) ALERT-C location reference, TPEG2 XML representation .33
Annex E (informative) Korean node-link location reference, TPEG2 logical structure .35
Annex F (normative) Korean node-link location reference, TPEG2 binary representation .37
Annex G (normative) Korean node-link location reference, TPEG2 XML representation .38
Annex H (informative) Road Section Identification Data set .40
Bibliography .46
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ISO 17572-2:2015(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 17572-2:2008), which has been technically
revised.
ISO 17572 consists of the following parts, under the general title Intelligent transport systems (ITS) —
Location referencing for geographic databases:
— Part 1: General requirements and conceptual model
— Part 2: Pre-coded location references (pre-coded profile)
— Part 3: Dynamic location references (dynamic profile)
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Introduction
A location reference (LR) is a unique identification of a geographic object. In a digital world, a real-world
geographic object can be represented by a feature in a geographic database. An example of a commonly
known location reference is a postal address of a house. Examples of object instances include a particular
exit ramp on a particular motorway, a road junction, or a hotel. For efficiency reasons, location references
are often coded. This is especially significant if the location reference is used to define the location for
information about various objects between different systems. For intelligent transport systems (ITS),
many different types of real-world objects will be addressed. Amongst these, location referencing of the
road network, or components thereof, is a particular focus.
Communication of a location reference for specific geographic phenomena, corresponding to objects in
geographic databases, in a standard, unambiguous manner is a vital part of an integrated ITS system
in which different applications and sources of geographic data will be used. location referencing
methods (LRMs, methods of referencing object instances) differ by applications, by the data model used
to create the database, or by the enforced object referencing imposed by the specific mapping system
used to create and store the database. A standard location referencing method allows for a common
and unambiguous identification of object instances representing the same geographic phenomena in
different geographic databases produced by different vendors, for varied applications, and operating on
multiple hardware/software platforms. If ITS applications using digital map databases are to become
widespread, data reference across various applications and systems has to be possible. Information
prepared on one system, such as traffic messages, has to be interpretable by all receiving systems. A
standard method to refer to specific object instances is essential to achieving such objectives.
Japan, Korea, Australia, Canada, the US, and European ITS bodies are all supporting activities of location
referencing. Japan has developed a Link Specification for VICS. Japan has developed the Road Section
Identification Data set which uses road sections and reference points after the publication of the first
edition of this part of ISO 17572 in 2008. In Europe, the RDS-TMC traffic messaging system has been
developed. In addition, methods have been developed and refined in the EVIDENCE and AGORA projects
based on intersections identified by geographic coordinates and other intersection descriptors. In the
US, standards for location referencing have been developed to accommodate several different location
referencing methods.
This International Standard provides specifications for location referencing for ITS systems (although
other committees or standardization bodies can subsequently consider extending it to a more generic
context). In addition, this edition does not deal with public transport location referencing; this issue will
be dealt with in a later edition.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17572-2:2015(E)
Intelligent transport systems (ITS) — Location referencing
for geographic databases —
Part 2:
Pre-coded location references (pre-coded profile)
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies location referencing methods (LRMs) that describe locations
in the context of geographic databases and will be used to locate transport-related phenomena in an
encoder system as well as in the decoder side. This International Standard defines what is meant by such
objects and describes the reference in detail, including whether or not components of the reference are
mandatory or optional, and their characteristics.
This International Standard specifies two different LRMs:
— pre-coded location references (pre-coded profile);
— dynamic location references (dynamic profile).
This International Standard does not define a physical format for implementing the LRM. However, the
requirements for physical formats are defined.
This part of ISO 17572 specifies the pre-coded location referencing method, comprising
— specification of pre-coded location references (pre-coded profile),
— logical format for VICS link location (see Annex A),
— TPEG physical format for ALERT-C-location references (see Annex B, Annex C, and Annex D),
— TPEG physical format for Korean node-link ID references (see Annex E, Annex F, and Annex G), and
— logical format for Road Section Identification Data set (see Annex H).
Logical formats of the implementations at present are described as informative; on the other hand,
physical formats of the implementations at present are described as normative in the annexes.
It is consistent with other International Standards developed by ISO/TC 204 such as ISO 14825.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 17572-1, Intelligent transport systems (ITS) — Location referencing for geographic databases — Part 1:
General requirements and conceptual model
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 17572-1 and the following
apply.
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3.1
major link
directed link in a road network
4 Abbreviated terms
ALERT Advice and Problem Location for European Road Traffic
DATEX Data Exchange (protocol for exchange of traffic and travel information between traffic
centres)
GCId generic component identifier
GDF Geographic Data File
ID identifier
ITRF International Terrestrial Reference Frame
LDB location database
LI location information
LR location referencing (or reference)
LRM location referencing method
LRS location referencing system
LRP location referencing procedure
MOCT Ministry of Construction and Transportation (Republic of Korea)
RDS Radio Data System
SOEI System Operating and Exchanging Information
TMC Traffic Message Channel
TPEG Transport Protocol Expert Group
TTI Traffic and Traveller Information
UTM Universal Transverse Mercator
VICS Vehicle Information and Communication System
RSIDs Road Section Identification Data set
5 Requirements for a location referencing standard
For details, see ISO 17572-1:2014, Clause 4.
For an inventory of location referencing methods, see ISO 17572-1:2014, Annex A.
6 Conceptual data model for location referencing methods
For details, see ISO 17572-1:2014, Clause 5.
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For examples of conceptual data model use, see ISO 17572-1:2014, Annex B.
7 Specification of pre-coded location references
7.1 General concept
Pre-coded location referencing is a method which makes use of end-user client devices carrying a
location database (LDB) that is exactly the same as the corresponding location database used by a
service provider of a particular message being exchanged. All pre-coded location referencing methods
shall share the concept of defining a commonly used database of IDs. This concept has been developed
in the past for technologies such as RDS-TMC and VICS to allow an (over-the-air) interface to be designed
that uses compact code values (IDs) in the corresponding databases to express particular pre-coded
locations of various types.
The location referencing method here is divided into three steps performed to implement the location
referencing system. The first step is a process of defining the database of location IDs for a given area and
the corresponding road network. In this step, different service providers and systems provider agree
on a defined database containing all locations to be codable (location database creation). In the second
step, this database is provisioned via various means into the service providers database as well as into
all receiving systems (location database provisioning). The third step is in real-time where a service
provider can now make use of that database and reference to locations by using the newly introduced
IDs (location database usage). See Figure 1, which illustrates this concept.
Figure 1 — General concept of pre-coded location referencing system
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7.2 Location database creation and updating
The different location referencing systems more or less support standardized ways to create a new
release of a location database. All of them share a conceptual model specifying how the different location
categories specified in ISO 17572-1 are related to each other. This specification, together with some
guiding literature, helps the community to create new releases of the location database.
7.3 Location database provision
After finalization of the creation process, the newly created location database is provisioned into the
devices with maintenance service agreements. This is mostly done on a regular based map release
update. The location referencing system has to ensure that the encoding and the decoding entities are
able to distinguish which release (version) of the database is in use because no conclusion regarding the
correctness of the location can be made based on the contents of the IDs alone.
7.4 Location database usage
A service provider, using the current release data set, then creates messages with location references
according to specified rules a location reference out of the list of location IDs available and can put
additional attributes to it, to define more precisely which part of the road network is referred to. The
location reference sent to the receiving system then consists of a list of one or more location IDs and some
additional attributes. Presuming that the receiving system has the actual database available, it seeks
for the given location IDs and applies the additional attributes according to the location referencing
specification. Doing so, the decoder provides the same location definition as requested by the service
provider.
8 Implementations at present
8.1 General
Different implementations of pre-coded location referencing have already been specified for some
time. Some of them are captured in another International Standard and some of them need some more
specification here. This clause provides a list of presently known pre-coded location referencing methods
and introduces them shortly. It also refers the reader to the different documents needed to fully apply to
the different implementations.
8.2 Vehicle Information and Communication System (VICS)
8.2.1 Location database creation
Vehicle Information and Communication System specifies in Reference [2] a digital map database as
the basis for other map provider to adopt the different map IDs into their own digital map. The digital
base map consists of nodes and road elements which build up a complete street map on level zero. See
Figure 2, which defines the conceptual data model for this map.
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ISO 17572-2:2015(E)

Figure 2 — Logical data model of VICS digital base map
8.2.2 Location database usage
All or any part of the specified digital map database can be referred to by a location reference consisting
of VICS-Link-IDs, 2ndary-Mesh-Codes, and offsets. The specification in Reference [1] defines how the
digitized location IDs have to be coded to build up a more sophisticated location.
8.3 Traffic Message Channel (TMC)/ALERT-C Specification
8.3.1 General
[11]
The location referencing rules defined in ISO 14819-3 address the specific requirements of Traffic
Message Channel (TMC) systems, which use abbreviated coding formats to provide TTI messages over
mobile bearers (e.g. GSM, DAB) or via exchange protocols like DATEXII. In particular, the rules address
the Radio Data System Traffic Message Channel (RDS-TMC), a means of providing digitally-coded traffic
and travel information to travellers using a silent data channel (RDS) on FM radio stations, based on the
[10]
ALERT-C protocol.
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8.3.2 Location database creation
Location types and subtypes are required for language independence of the information given, and to
tell the receiving system what data fields to expect.
At the highest level, locations fall into three categories:
a) area locations;
b) linear locations;
c) point locations.
RDS-TMC location tables use a hierarchical structure of pre-defined locations. Locations are identified
using a location ID. A system of pointers provides upward references to higher-level locations of which
the specified location forms a part. As such, all point locations belong to linear locations and they refer
to area locations. Point locations additionally refer to a succeeding and a preceding point location which
builds up a connected network of point locations. Further information can be found in a coding handbook
[4]
that has been written by the TMC forum.
8.3.3 Location database usage
A location ID in such a message refers and serves as a tabular “address” of the pre-stored location details
in the location database used by the service. A real world location can have more than one point location
within the same location table, which can be expressed by one point location code and an additional
attribute extent which counts the steps of succeeding point location to be added to the location. Another
additional attribute direction allows to extend from a point location into positive or into negative
direction according to the point location direction defined in the location database.
8.4 Korean node link ID system
8.4.1 General
The Ministry of Construction and Transportation (MOCT) of Korea has developed a standard node-link
system for ITS in 2004 for effective exchange of real-time traffic information. The node and link ID is
made up of 10 digits. Korean standard node-link ID is the standard location ID for TPEG-Loc services in
[3]
Korea.
8.4.2 Location database creation
In principle, road authorities create and manage standard node-link IDs and digital base map for those
standard node/link according to Reference [6], which was published by MOCT. MOCT verifies the IDs
and digital base map, then officially distributes them.
8.4.3 Location database usage
Any node or link ID can be served as location ID in location referencing system, but currently, only link
ID is used in currently implemented systems.
8.5 Road Section Identification Data set
8.5.1 General
The Road Section Identification Data set was developed to enable exchanging various static/dynamic
information on road network.
The location of the information is represented by an appropriate road section with a reference point and
a distance from the reference point.
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In this part of ISO 17572, a profile of road section identification and reference point identification
required in the Road Section Identification Data set are provided. Definition of each link and node
corresponding to respective road maps is out of scope.
As permanent ID set is specified in the system, Road Section Identification Data set is independent from
avoidable change caused by road map revision.
8.5.2 Location database creation
Road Section Identification Data set creates an authority table for section IDs and reference point IDs.
8.5.3 Location database usage
Road Section Identification Data set is expected to use for exchanging various location information
related road between different players. For example, road authorities use this method to provide road
information to private sectors.
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ISO 17572-2:2015(E)

Annex A
(informative)

Logical format for VICS link location
A.1 Description of the logical structure
A.1.1 General
The subsequent clauses define data elements used for building up the VICS link location reference
(database usage). Different descriptions of the data structure help to understand the concept. It consists
of a location information (LI) header and location content as shown in Figure A.1, with the latter further
subdivided functionally into coordinates, descriptors, and offset information. Figure A.2 describes the
structure of the LI main in the form of a UML diagram. A.3 and A.4 do define different views on a logical
format.
All or any part of the LI can be omitted optionally if it is possible to refer to a location between databases
without all or any part of LI content by defining unambiguous rules for a physical format and by
establishing a management system.
Figure A.1 — Outline diagram of the logical structure
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Figure A.2 — Outline diagram of the logical structure in UML
A.1.2 Data values
Table A.1 lists all specific values of enumerations used in the location reference format in this annex.
Table A.1 — Enumerations used in the location reference format in this annex
Data value name Definition
basemap1 A parameter specifying that the location is digitized on a map of 1/2 500~1/10 000
scale
basemap2 A parameter specifying that the location is digitized on a map of 1/25 000~1/50 000
scale
basemap3 A parameter specifying that the location is digitized on a map of more than 1/100 000
scale
ddmmss A parameter specifying a coordinate is expressed using decimal integer value of degree,
minute, and second
degree A parameter specifying that a unit of coordinates is degree
error1 A parameter specifying that a height error is less than 1 m
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Table A.1 (continued)
Data value name Definition
error2 A parameter specifying that a height error is less than 10 m
extensiontype1|2|.|n The type of user-defined extension of which n different enumerated values are speci-
fied in the User-Defined Extension Header data frame
absolute A parameter specifying that a coordinate system is absolute
relative A parameter specifying that a coordinate system is relative
grid A parameter specifying that the coordinate has a grid code
Relative_X The horizontal X value of relative coordinates of a point
Relative_Y The horizontal Y value of relative coordinates of a point
Relative_Z The value of height in relative coordinates of a point
pgrid1 A parameter specifying that a coordinate has a private grid
rct1 A parameter specifying that region code table 1 is used
rct2 A parameter specifying that region code table 2 is used
rectc A parameter specifying that a coordinate system is rectangular
second A parameter specifying that a unit of absolute coordinates is second
secondu1 A parameter specifying that a unit of relative coordinates is normalized
secondu2 A parameter specifying that a unit of relative coordinates is some value
utmp A parameter specifying that the blocking is the UTM primary mesh dividing
utms A parameter specifying that the blocking is the UTM secondary mesh dividing
x The value of horizontal axis on relative coordinates
y The value of vertical axis on relative coordinates
z The value of height in relative coordinates
A.1.3 Data elements
In Table A.2, the maximum value (labelled with MAX) in the column “Valid value rule”, is specified first
when defining unambiguous rules for a physical format by establishing the system implementation.
A.1.4 Data frames
See Table A.3.
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Table A.2 — Data elements used in the location reference format in this annex
Data element name Definition Data type Valid value rule
Absolute_Coordinate_Unit A unit for an absolute coordinate BIT STRING ENUMERATED {
degree,
ddmmss,
second}
Airline_Distance_from_Origin The shortest distance from an origin to a point Distance_type CHOICE
{INTEGER, REAL}
Altitude The geographic altitude of a node Altitude_type CHOICE
{INTEGER, REAL}
Angle An integer angle from a starting point to a feature, in units Angle_type CHOICE
defined by Offset_Angle_Unit
{INTEGER, REAL}
Block_Code A code given to an area such as one of UTM’s meshes or INTEGER SIZE (0.MAX)
some rectangles
Block_Code_Table A table of block codes BIT STRING ENUMERATED {
utms,
utmp,
rectc,
pgrid1}
Brunnel_Name Text name of a Brunnel UTF8String SIZE (0.255)
Coordinate_Type A type of the coordinate such as the absolute, the relative, BIT STRING ENUMERATED {
and the composite
absol
...