ISO/IEC 19507:2012

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 19507
First edition
2012-04-15

Information technology — Object
Management Group Object Constraint
Language (OCL)
Technologies de l'information — Langage de contraintes orienté-objet
(OCL) de l'OMG




Reference number
ISO/IEC 19507:2012(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2012

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ISO/IEC 19507:2012(E)

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©  ISO/IEC 2012
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ISO/IEC 19507:2012(E)
Table of Contents
Foreword . ix
Introduction . x
1 Scope . 1
2 Conformance . 1
3 References . 2
3.1 Normative References .2
3.2 Informative References .2
4 Terms and Definitions . 3
5 Notational Conventions .3
6 Additional Information .3
6.1 Changes to Adopted OMG Specifications .3
6.2 Structure of the Specification .3
6.3 Acknowledgements .4
7 OCL Language Description .5
7.1 General .5
7.2 Why OCL? .5
7.2.1 Where to Use OCL . 5
7.3 Introduction .6
7.3.1 Legend . 6
7.3.2 Example Class Diagram . 6
7.3.3 Character Set . 7
7.4 Relation to the UML Metamodel .7
7.4.1 Self . 7
7.4.2 Specifying the UML Context . 7
7.4.3 Invariants . 8
7.4.4 Pre- and Postconditions . 8
7.4.5 Package Context . 9
7.4.6 Operation Body Expression . 9
7.4.7 Initial and Derived Values . 9
7.4.8 Other Types of Expressions . 10
7.5 Basic Values and Types .10
7.5.1 Types from the UML Model . 11
7.5.2 Enumeration Types . 11
7.5.3 Let Expressions . 11
7.5.4 Additional operations/attributes through «definition» expressions . 12
7.5.5 Type Conformance . 12
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ISO/IEC 19507:2012(E)
7.5.6 Re-typing or Casting . 13
7.5.7 Precedence Rules . 14
7.5.8 Use of Infix Operators . 14
7.5.9 Keywords . 15
7.5.10 Comment . 16
7.5.11 Invalid Values . 16
7.6 Objects and Properties .16
7.6.1 Properties: Attributes . 17
7.6.2 Properties: Operations . 17
7.6.3 Properties: AssociationEnds and Navigation . 18
7.6.4 Navigation to Association Classes . 20
7.6.5 Navigation from Association Classes . 21
7.6.6 Navigation through Qualified Associations . 21
7.6.7 Using Pathnames for Packages . 21
7.6.8 Accessing overridden properties of supertypes . 22
7.6.9 Predefined properties on All Objects . 22
7.6.10 Features on Classes Themselves . 23
7.6.11 Collections . 24
7.6.12 Collections of Collections . 25
7.6.13 Collection Type Hierarchy and Type Conformance Rules . 25
7.6.14 Previous Values in Postconditions . 25
7.6.15 Tuples . 26
7.7 Collection Operations .27
7.7.1 Select and Reject Operations . 27
7.7.2 Collect Operation . 28
7.7.3 ForAll Operation . 29
7.7.4 Exists Operation . 30
7.7.5 Closure Operation . 30
7.7.6 Iterate Operation . 31
7.8 Messages in OCL .32
7.8.1 Calling operations and sending signals . 32
7.8.2 Accessing result values . 33
7.8.3 An example . 33
7.9 Resolving Properties .34
8 Abstract Syntax . 35
8.1 Introduction .35
8.2 The Types Package .35
8.2.1 Type Conformance . 38
8.2.2 Operations and Well-formedness Rules for the Types Package . 40
8.3 The Expressions Package .42
8.3.1 Expressions Core . 43
8.3.2 FeatureCall Expressions . 45
8.3.3 If Expressions . 47
8.3.4 Message Expressions . 48
8.4 Literal Expressions .49
8.4.1 Let Expressions . 52
8.4.2 Well-formedness Rules of the Expressions package . 53
8.4.3 Additional Operations on UML metaclasses . 60
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ISO/IEC 19507:2012(E)
8.4.4 Additional Operations on OCL Metaclasses . 62
8.4.5 Overview of class hierarchy of OCL Abstract Syntax metamodel . 64
9 Concrete Syntax . 65
9.1 General .65
9.2 Structure of the Concrete Syntax .65
9.3 A Note to Tool Builders .67
9.3.1 Parsing .67
9.3.2 Visibility . 67
9.4 Concrete Syntax .67
9.4.1 ExpressionInOclCS . 68
9.4.2 OclExpressionCS . 68
9.4.3 VariableExpCS . 69
9.4.4 simpleNameCS . 69
9.4.5 restrictedKeywordCS . 70
9.4.6 unreservedSimpleNameCS . 71
9.4.7 pathNameCS . 71
9.4.8 LiteralExpCS . 72
9.4.9 EnumLiteralExpCS . 72
9.4.10 CollectionLiteralExpCS . 73
9.4.11 CollectionTypeIdentifierCS . 73
9.4.12 CollectionLiteralPartsCS . 74
9.4.13 CollectionLiteralPartCS . 74
9.4.14 CollectionRangeCS . 74
9.4.15 PrimitiveLiteralExpCS . 75
9.4.16 TupleLiteralExpCS . 76
9.4.17 UnlimitedNaturalLiteralExpCS . 76
9.4.18 IntegerLiteralExpCS . 76
9.4.19 RealLiteralExpCS . 77
9.4.20 StringLiteralExpCS . 77
9.4.21 BooleanLiteralExpCS . 78
9.4.22 TypeLiteralExpCS . 78
9.4.23 CallExpCS . 79
9.4.24 LoopExpCS . 79
9.4.25 IteratorExpCS . 80
9.4.26 IterateExpCS . 83
9.4.27 VariableDeclarationCS . 84
9.4.28 TypeCS . 85
9.4.29 primitiveTypeCS . 85
9.4.30 oclTypeCS . 86
9.4.31 collectionTypeCS . 86
9.4.32 tupleTypeCS . 87
9.4.33 variableDeclarationListCS . 87
9.4.34 FeatureCallExpCS . 88
9.4.35 OperationCallExpCS . 88
9.4.36 PropertyCallExpCS . 91
9.4.37 NavigationCallExpCS . 93
9.4.38 AssociationClassCallExpCS . 93
9.4.39 isMarkedPreCS . 94
9.4.40 argumentsCS . 94
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9.4.41 LetExpCS . 95
9.4.42 LetExpSubCS . 95
9.4.43 OclMessageExpCS . 96
9.4.44 OclMessageArgumentsCS . 97
9.4.45 OclMessageArgCS . 97
9.4.46 IfExpCS . 98
9.4.47 NullLiteralExpCS . 98
9.4.48 InvalidLiteralExpCS . 99
9.4.49 Comments . 99
9.5 Environment Definition .99
9.5.1 Environment . 99
9.5.2 NamedElement . 102
9.5.3 Namespace . 102
9.6 Concrete to Abstract Syntax Mapping .102
9.7 Abstract Syntax to Concrete Syntax Mapping .103
10 Semantics Described Using UML . 105
10.1 Introduction .105
10.2 The Values Package .106
10.2.1 Definitions of Concepts for the Values Package . 107
10.2.2 Well-formedness Rules for the Values Package . 111
10.2.3 Additional Operations for the Values Package . 113
10.2.4 Overview of the Values Package . 114
10.3 The Evaluations Package .115
10.3.1 Definitions of Concepts for the Evaluations Package . 116
10.3.2 Well-formedness Rules of the Evaluations Package . 125
10.3.3 Additional Operations of the Evaluations Package . 132
10.3.4 Overview of the Values Package . 133
10.4 The AS-Domain-Mapping Package .134
10.4.1 Well-formedness rules for the AS-Domain-Mapping.type-value Package . 135
10.4.2 Additional Operations for the AS-Domain-Mapping.type-value Package . 137
10.4.3 Well-formedness rules for the AS-Domain-Mapping.exp-eval Package . 137
11 OCL Standard Library .145
11.1 Introduction .145
11.2 The OclAny, OclVoid, OclInvalid, and OclMessage Types .146
11.2.1 OclAny . 146
11.2.2 OclMessage . 146
11.2.3 OclVoid . 146
11.2.4 OclInvalid . 146
11.3 Operations and Well-formedness Rules .146
11.3.1 OclAny . 146
11.3.2 OclVoid . 148
11.3.3 OclMessage . 148
11.4 Primitive Types .148
11.4.1 Real . 148
11.4.2 Integer . 148
11.4.3 String . 149
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11.4.4 Boolean . 149
11.4.5 UnlimitedNatural . 149
11.5 Operations and Well-formedness Rules .149
11.5.1 Real . 149
11.5.2 Integer . 150
11.5.3 String . 151
11.5.4 Boolean . 153
11.5.5 UnlimitedNatural . 154
11.6 Collection-Related Types .155
11.6.1 Collection . 156
11.6.2 Set . 156
11.6.3 OrderedSet . 156
11.6.4 Bag . 156
11.6.5 Sequence . 156
11.7 Operations and Well-formedness Rules .156
11.7.1 Collection . 156
11.7.2 Set . 159
11.7.3 OrderedSet . 161
11.7.4 Bag . 163
11.7.5 Sequence . 165
11.8 Predefined Iterator Expressions .168
11.8.1 Extending the Standard Library with Iterator Expressions . 168
11.9 Mapping Rules for Predefined Iterator Expressions .168
11.9.1 Collection . 168
11.9.2 Set . 170
11.9.3 Bag . 171
11.9.4 Sequence . 172
11.9.5 OrderedSet . 173
12 The Use of OCL Expressions in UML Models . 175
12.1 Introduction .175
12.2 The ExpressionInOcl Type .175
12.2.1 ExpressionInOcl . 176
12.3 Well-formedness Rules .176
12.3.1 ExpressionInOcl . 176
12.4 Standard Placements of OCL Expressions .177
12.4.1 How to Extend the Use of OCL at Other Places . 177
12.5 Definition .177
12.5.1 Well-formedness Rules . 177
12.6 Invariant .178
12.6.1 Well-formedness rules . 178
12.7 Precondition .179
12.7.1 Well-formedness rules. 179
12.7.2 Postcondition . 180
12.7.3 Well-formedness rules . 180
12.8 Initial Value Expression .180
12.8.1 Well-formedness rules . 181
12.9 Derived Value Expression .182
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ISO/IEC 19507:2012(E)
12.10 Operation Body Expression .182
12.11 Guard .182
12.11.1 Well-formedness rules . 183
12.12  Concrete Syntax of Context Declarations .183
12.12.1 packageDeclarationCS . 184
12.12.2 contextDeclarationCS . 184
12.12.3 propertyContextDeclCS . 184
12.12.4 initOrDerValueCS . 184
12.12.5 classifierContextDeclCS . 184
12.12.6 invOrDefCS . 184
12.12.7 defExpressionCS . 185
12.12.8 operationContextDeclCS . 185
12.12.9 prePostOrBodyDeclCS . 185
12.12.10 operationCS . 185
12.12.11 parametersCS . 185
13 The Basic OCL and Essential OCL . 187
13.1 Introduction .187
13.2 OCL Adaptation for Metamodeling .187
13.3 Diagrams .188
Annex A - Semantics.
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