IEC 63203-801-1:2022

IEC 63203-801-1
®

Edition 1.0 2022-11
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE


Wearable electronic devices and technologies –
Part 801-1: Smart body area network (SmartBAN) – Enhanced ultra-low power
physical layer

Technologies et dispositifs électroniques prêts-à-porter –
Partie 801-1: Smart body area network (SmartBAN) – Couche physique
améliorée à ultra-faible puissance

IEC 63203-801-1:2022-11(en-fr)

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IEC 63203-801-1

®


Edition 1.0 2022-11




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME


INTERNATIONALE











Wearable electronic devices and technologies –

Part 801-1: Smart body area network (SmartBAN) – Enhanced ultra-low power

physical layer



Technologies et dispositifs électroniques prêts-à-porter –

Partie 801-1: Smart body area network (SmartBAN) – Couche physique


améliorée à ultra-faible puissance













INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE


INTERNATIONALE




ICS 35.100.01; 35.240.80 ISBN 978-2-8322-6000-5




Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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– 2 – IEC 63203-801-1:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Abbreviated terms . 6
5 General PHY framework – Frequency spectrum . 7
6 Packet formats . 7
6.1 PPDU structure . 7
6.2 Preamble . 8
6.3 Sync. . 8
6.4 PLCP header . 8
6.4.1 PLCP header structure . 8
6.4.2 Packet Length . 8
6.4.3 PHY Scheme . 8
6.4.4 BCH Parity Bits . 8
6.4.5 Header Parity . 8
6.5 PSDU . 9
6.6 Frame parity . 9
7 Modulation and error control . 9
7.1 PPDU formation . 9
7.2 Modulation . 9
7.3 Repetition and FEC . 10
7.3.1 Repetition . 10
7.3.2 BCH (127,113, t = 2) encoding. 10
7.3.3 BCH (36, 22, t = 2) encoding . 11
7.4 Scrambling . 11
8 Other requirements . 12
8.1 Packet length . 12
8.2 CCA . 13
Bibliography . 14

Figure 1 – PPDU structure . 8
Figure 2 – PLCP header structure . 8
Figure 3 – Transmitter physical layer chain . 9
Figure 4 – Example of 2-repetition and 4-repetition . 10
Figure 5 – Data scrambler . 11
Figure 6 – Channel access slot structure . 12

Table 1 – Mapping of channel number to Data and Control Channel numbers . 7
Table 2 – PHY scheme field bit mapping . 9
Table 3 – PHY throughput . 10

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IEC 63203-801-1:2022 © IEC 2022 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

WEARABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND TECHNOLOGIES –

Part 801-1: Smart body area network (SmartBAN) –
Enhanced ultra-low power physical layer

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
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rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 63203-801-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 124: Wearable electronic
devices and technologies. It is an International Standard.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
124/197/FDIS 124/205/RVD

Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.

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– 4 – IEC 63203-801-1:2022 © IEC 2022
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 63203 series, published under the general title Wearable electronic
devices and technologies, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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IEC 63203-801-1:2022 © IEC 2022 – 5 –
INTRODUCTION
TC 124 is developing International Standards (IS) for body area network (BAN) to define the
wireless connectivity between the hub coordinator and the sensing nodes. The IEC 63203-801
series consists of the following sub-parts, under the general part title “Smart body area network
(SmartBAN)”:
IEC 63203-801-1: Enhanced ultra-low power physical layer
IEC 63203-801-2: Low complexity medium access control (MAC) for SmartBAN
The present document describes the physical layer (PHY) specifications including packet
formats, modulation and forward error correction.
This document originates from the corresponding technical specification (ETSI TS 103 326)
standardized in the European Telecommunication Standard Institute (ETSI) and captures the
results of the work of IEC TC 124 Working Group 4 on devices and systems. The current
document reflects contributions and discussions by IEC TC 124 experts, mirror committees,
liaison members and Joint Advisory Group (JAG) between IEC SyC AAL, IEC TC 100 and
IEC TC 124. This document contains material gathered from reports and group output from the
IEC TC 124 meetings in May 2018 (Manchester), October 2018 (Busan), May 2019 (San
Francisco), September 2019 (Shanghai), November 2020 (online) as well as information
obtained during various web meetings.
Experts from the following national committees, liaison organizations have contributed: BE, CN,
DE, FI, FR, GB, IN, JP, KR, MY, NL, US and ETSI TC SmartBAN.
This document is also positioned as a result of the activities of the JAG. At the IEC General
Meeting in Busan in 2018, three committees related to wearable systems and technologies,
SyC AAL, IEC TC 100 and IEC TC 124 had a joint workshop and agreed to collaborate to
develop relevant standards and to share roles. This collaboration agreement was made into a
Joint Advisory Group (JAG) and the JAG was established and managed by SyC. AAL in 2019.
The target audience for this document includes the following stakeholders who have an interest
in the systems and services using wearable devices:
• consumer electronics (CE) and information communications technology (ICT) device
manufacturers;
• system integrators who want to utilize wearable device and technologies;
• service operators who are interested in the AAL systems and services;
• stakeholders who want to understand the technologies and requirements for wireless
connectivity between wearable sensor nodes and hub coordinators.

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– 6 – IEC 63203-801-1:2022 © IEC 2022
WEARABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND TECHNOLOGIES –

Part 801-1: Smart body area network (SmartBAN) –
Enhanced ultra-low power physical layer



1 Scope
This part of IEC 63203-801 specifies the ultra-low power physical layer (PHY) of SmartBAN.
As the use of wearables and connected body sensor devices grows rapidly in the Internet of
Things (IoT), wireless body area networks (BANs) facilitate the sharing of data in smart
environments such as smart homes, smart life, etc. In specific areas of digital healthcare,
wireless connectivity between the edge computing device or hub coordinator and the sensing
nodes requires a standardized communication interface and protocols.
The present document describes the following physical layer (PHY) specifications:
– packet formats;
– modulation;
– forward error correction.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
4 Abbreviated terms
ACK Acknowledgement
BAN Body area network
BCH Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem
BT Bandwidth-time
CCA Clear channel assessment
CE Consumer electronics
CRC Cyclic redundancy check
ED Energy detection
FEC Forward error correction
GFSK Gaussian frequency shift keying
ICT Information communications technology

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IEC 63203-801-1:2022 © IEC 2022 – 7 –
IFS Inter-frame spacing
IoT Internet of Things
ISM Industrial, scientific and medical
MAC Medium access control
MPDU MAC protocol data unit
PHY Physical layer
PLCP Physical layer convergence protocol
PPDU PHY protocol data unit
PSDU Physical layer service data unit
Sync. Synchronization
5 General PHY framework – Frequency spectrum
The frequency of operation shall fall between 2 401 MHz and 2 481 MHz. The channels shall
be arranged in blocks of 2 MHz with centre frequencies:
f = 2 402 MHz + 2 × n MHz, for n = 0 to 39

c

where
n is the channel number.
Table 1 shows the mapping of the channel number to the Data Channel number and the Control
Channel number.
Table 1 – Mapping of channel number to Data and Control Channel numbers
Channel Centre Channel type Data Channel Control
number frequency number Channel
number
(MHz)
0 2 402 Control 0
1 2 404 Data 0
… Data
11 2 424 Data 10
12 2 426 Control 1
13 2 428 Data 11
… Data
38 2 478 Data 36
39 2 480 Control 2

6 Packet formats
6.1 PPDU structure
Figure 1 shows the PPDU structure. The PPDU consists of Preamble, Synchronization (Sync.),
PLCP Header, PSDU and Frame Parity.

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– 8 – IEC 63203-801-1:2022 © IEC 2022

Figure 1 – PPDU structure
6.2 Preamble
PPDUs have a 16-bit preamble used for frequency synchronization, timing synchronization, and
automatic gain control.
The preamble for all PPDUs shall be 1010101010101010.
6.3 Sync.
The Sync. field indicates the synchronization pattern that shall be
10000111101100101000011110110010.
6.4 PLCP header
6.4.1 PLCP header structure
The PLCP header is structured as illustrated in Figure 2. The PLCP header consists of Packet
Length, PHY Scheme, Reserved, BCH Parity Bits, and the Header Parity fields.
The PLCP header may be scrambled by the procedure described in 7.4.

Figure 2 – PLCP header structure
6.4.2 Packet Length
The Packet Length field indicates the length of the PSDU.
6.4.3 PHY Scheme
The PHY Scheme field describes the forward error correction (FEC) type and the repetition type
the PPDU employs. The mapping of the field bits is as described in Table 2.
6.4.4 BCH Parity Bits
The BCH Parity Bits field is generated using a BCH (36,22, t = 2) code defined in 7.3.3 to protect
the Packet Length, PHY Scheme, and Reserved fields.
6.4.5 Header Parity
4
The Header Parity field is generated by the CRC polynomial 1 + x + x on the Packet Length,
PHY Scheme, Reserved, and BCH Parity Bits fields.

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IEC 63203-801-1:2022 © IEC 2022 – 9 –
Table 2 – PHY scheme field bit mapping
Field value FEC type Field value Repetition
b0 b1 b2 b3 type
00 None 00 None
01 BCH (127,113,2) 01 2
10 Reserved 10 4
11 Reserved 11 Reserved

6.5 PSDU
The physical layer service data unit (PSDU) is either an encoded or uncoded MAC protocol data
unit (MPDU) as defined in IEC 63203-801-2:2022, 6.1. The MPDU may be encoded using a
BCH (127,113, t = 2) code. The encoding procedure shall be described in 7.3. The PSDU shall
be scrambled using the procedure described in 7.4.
6.6 Frame parity
The Frame Parity field shall contain a 16-bit CRC sequence of the PSDU generated using the
16 12 5
generator polynomial x + x + x + 1.
7 Modulation and error control
7.1 PPDU formation
The PPDU is formed from the following process described in Figure 3. The dashed boxes
represent optional support.

Figure 3 – Transmitter physical layer chain
7.2 Modulation
The modulation is Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) with a bandwidth-time (BT) product
that shall be 0,5, and a modulation index h that shall be 0,5.
A symbol rate, T , of 1 MSymbols/s shall be supported in both control and data channels.
sym
Table 3 shows the possible information rate according to the combination of symbol rate, code
rate and number of repetitions.

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– 10 – IEC 63203-801-1:2022 © IEC 2022
Table 3 – PHY throughput
Channel Information Symbol rate Code rate Repetition Information
(data/control) flow (MSymbols/s) rate (Mbps)
Data/control Downlink/uplink 1,0 1 1 1,0
Data/control Downlink/uplink 1,0 1 2 0,5
Data/control Downlink/uplink 1,0 1 4 0,25
Data/control Downlink/uplink 1,0 113/127 1 0,89
Data/control Downlink/uplink 1,0 113/127 2 0,44
Data/control Downlink/uplink 1,0 113/127 4 0,22

7.3 Repetition and FEC
7.3.1 Repetition
The hubs and nodes may implement repetition coding to reduce errors if required. Should
repetition coding be implemented, this should be indicated in the PHY Scheme field in 6.4.3.
Two repetition schemes should be supported, 2-repetition, repeating the entire PPDU two times,
and 4-repetition, repeating the entire PPDU four times.
When repetition is employed, the original PPDU along with its repeated versions should be
treated as one single PPDU.
An example of 2-repetition and 4-repetition is shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4 – Example of 2-repetition and 4-repetition
7.3.2 BCH (127,113, t = 2) encoding
For error correction control of the MPDU, a systematic BCH (127,113, t = 2) code may be
employed. t indicates the maximum number of bits that can be corrected. The generator
polynomial of the BCH (127,113, t = 2) code is
14 9 8 6 5 4 2
(1)
g(x) = x + x + x + x + x + x + x + x +1

The encoding process is as follows:
1) Calculate the number of padding bits, N . The number of padding bits depends on the
padding
length of the MPDU, L , and can be calculated as
MPDU
L
 
MPDU

N ×kL−
 (2)
padding MPDU
 
k
 


where k = 113
=

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IEC 63203-801-1:2022 © IEC 2022 – 11 –
2) Append N zero bits to the end of the MPDU.
padding
3) Partition the padded MPDU into subpackets with a length of k.
4) Compute the parity bits for each subpackets using the generator polynomial g(x).
5) Remove N bits from the last subpacket.
padding
6) Append the parity bits generated for each subpacket to each subpacket.
7) Reassemble the expanded subpackets in the same order they were dissembled to produce
the PSDU.
7.3.3 BCH (36, 22, t = 2) encoding
For error correction control of the Packet Length, PHY Scheme, and Reserved fields of the
PLCP header, a systematic BCH (36,22, t = 2) code should be employed. The BCH code is a
shortened code derived from the primitive BCH (127,113, t = 2) described in 7.3.2. The
encoding process is as follows:
1) Set N = 91.
padding
2) Append N zero bits to the end of the Packet Length, PHY Scheme, and Reserved
padding
fields; the resulting 113 bits are treated as a subpacket in 7.3.2.
3) Compute the parity bits for the subpacket using the generator polynomial g(x) in Formula (1).
bits from the subpacket.
4) Remove N
padding
5) Append the generated parity bits to the subpacket.
7.4 Scrambling
A data scrambler may be supported when necessary. The scrambling sequence generated by
14 15,
the scrambling polynomial is 1 + x + x with an initial state of 000100100001010. The output
of the data scrambler is
x n= xn−⊕14 x n−15
 [ ] [ ] [ ] (3)


Figure 5 shows an implementation of the data scrambler. D denotes the delay operation.

Figure 5 – Data scrambler

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– 12 – IEC 63203-801-1:2022 © IEC 2022
8 Other requirements
8.1 Packet length
In Clause 8, the maximum permitted length of PPDUs and MPDUs is calculated.

Figure 6 – Channel access slot structure
Each time slot is partitioned into two transmission phases (T and T ) and two or more
TX ACK
transition phases (see Figure 6). The time allocated to the initial transmission phase is
dependent on several factors:
– time for transmitting the acknowledgement frame;
– inter-frame spacing;
– channel access mode;
– PHY scheme.
The time for transmitting the acknowledgement frame is

T L + L ++L LR
 ( ) (4)
ACK preamble PLCPheader header parity sym


where L , L , L , L , and R are the length (in bits) of the PHY
preamble PLCPheader header parity sym
preamble, PLCP header, MAC header, MAC parity fields, and the symbol rate respectively.
Therefore, the maximum permissible time for the initial transmission phase is

T (TT− −T −×2 T ) N
(5)
TX,max S MUA ACK IFS rep

where N is the number of times the PPDU is repeated, as indicated in the PHY Scheme field
rep
in the PLCP header. T is the sensing time in the multi-use access mode. For scheduled and
MUA
slotted Aloha channel access modes, T shall be 0. Consequently, the maximum length (in
MUA
bits) of the PSDU is

L T ×−R L + L
 ( ) (6)
PSDU,ma x TX,max sym preamble PLCPheader


In the case where no BCH encoding is employed, L = L When BCH (n, k)
PSDU,max MPDU,max.
encoding in employed, the maximum length of the MPDU is

L L nk×+κ
 (7)
MPDU,max PSDU,max



=
=
=
=

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IEC 63203-801-1:2022 © IEC 2022 – 13 –
where

(L % n)−(nk− ); if L % n >(nk− ),
( )
 PSDU,max PSDU,max

κ=
  (8)
0; iLf ( % n )<(n−k) .
 PSDU,max



Hence, the maximum length of the MAC frame body, L is
F,max
L =LL−− L
 (9)
F,max MPDU header parity


8.2 CCA
The PHY should provide the capability to perform clear channel assessm
...