ISO/TC 172/SC 1/WG 2 - Preparation of drawings for optical elements and systems

This document specifies rules for presentation of aspheric surfaces and surfaces with low order symmetry such as cylinders and toroids in the ISO 10110 series, which standardizes drawing indications for optical elements and systems. It also specifies sign conventions and coordinate systems. This document does not apply to off-axis aspheric and discontinuous surfaces such as Fresnel surfaces or gratings. NOTE For off-axis aspheric and non-symmetric surfaces, see ISO 10110-19. This document does not specify the method by which conformity with the specifications is tested.

This document specifies rules for the indication of the surface texture of optical elements, in the ISO 10110 series, which standardizes drawing indications for optical elements and systems. Surface texture is the characteristic of a surface that can be effectively described with statistical methods. Typically, surface texture is associated with high spatial frequency errors (roughness) and mid-spatial frequency errors (waviness). This document is primarily intended for the specification of polished optics. This document describes a method for characterizing the residual surface that is left after detrending by subtracting the surface form. The control of the surface form specified in ISO 10110-5, ISO 10110-12, and ISO 10110-19 is not specified in this document.

This document specifies the general layout of drawings and provides examples of indications in the ISO 10110 series, which standardizes drawing indications for optical elements and systems. This document specifies the presentation in drawings of the characteristics, including the tolerances, of optical elements and systems. This document also includes the popular tabular format, formerly presented in ISO 10110‑10. This tabular format, now described in 5.1, is the preferred format for ISO 10110 drawings. Rules for preparation of technical drawings as well as for dimensioning and tolerancing are given in various ISO Standards. These general standards apply to optical elements and systems only if the necessary rules are not given in the various parts of ISO 10110.

This document specifies the indication of tolerances for four categories of imperfections within optical materials — stress birefringence, bubbles and inclusions, homogeneity, and striae — in the ISO 10110 series, which standardizes drawing indications for optical elements and systems. Tolerances are applied either to a finished optical part, a finished system of optical parts, or to the raw material used to manufacture an optical part.

This document specifies rules for the indication of the permissible deformation of a wavefront transmitted through or, in the case of reflective optics, reflected from an optical element or assembly in the ISO 10110 series, which standardizes drawing indications for optical elements and systems. This document is also applicable when using optical systems with general surfaces (ISO 10110-19). The deformation of the wavefront refers to its departure from the desired shape. The tilt of the wavefront with respect to a given reference surface is excluded from this document. There is no requirement that a tolerance for wavefront deformation is indicated.

ISO 10110 (all parts) specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for single optical elements and for optical assemblies in technical drawings used for their manufacture and inspection. ISO 10110-7:2017 specifies the indication of the level of acceptability of surface imperfections within a test region on individual optical elements and optical assemblies. These include localized surface imperfections, edge chips and long scratches. The acceptance level for imperfections is specified, taking into account functional effects (affecting image formation or durability of the optical element), as well as cosmetic (appearance) effects. ISO 10110-7:2017 applies to transmitting and reflecting surfaces of finished optical elements, whether or not they are coated, and to optical assemblies. It allows permissible imperfections to be specified according to the area affected by imperfections, or alternatively by the visibility of imperfections, on components or in optical assemblies.

ISO 10110-9:2016 specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. It specifies rules for indicating the treatments and coatings applied to optical surfaces for functional and/or protective purposes.

ISO 10110-11:2016 specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. It specifies the permissible deviations and material imperfections when these are not explicitly indicated.

ISO 10110-6:2015 specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. ISO 10110-6:2015 specifies rules for indicating centring tolerances for optical elements, subassemblies, and assemblies. ISO 10110-6:2015 applies to plano surfaces, rotationally invariant surfaces, circular cylindrical, non-circular cylindrical, and non-symmetrical surfaces (general surfaces). General surfaces are described using ISO 10110‑19.

ISO 10110-19:2015 specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacture and inspection. ISO 10110-19:2015 provides a general method of describing surfaces and components. This part of ISO 10110 applies to continuous and discontinuous surfaces. It does not apply to diffractive surfaces, Fresnel surfaces, ophthalmic glasses, and micro-optical surfaces. ISO 10110-19:2015 applies to any general surface or component, even including spherical or rotationally symmetric surfaces if it is necessary, i.e. when NURBS, splines, point clouds, etc. are used. ISO 10110-19:2015 does not specify the method by which compliance with the specifications is to be tested.

ISO 10110-5:2015 specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. ISO 10110-5:2015 specifies rules for indicating the tolerance for surface form deviation. NOTE The terminology of interferometry employing the unit "fringe spacings" is widely used for the specification of tolerances. However, the usage of non-interferometric methods for testing of optical parts has recently become more important. Therefore, unlike in the earlier versions of this part of ISO 10110, nanometres shall now be the preferred and standard unit to express surface form deviations. The usage of fringe spacings is still permitted given that the base wavelength is explicitly stated. ISO 10110-5:2015 applies to surfaces of plano, spherical, aspheric, circular and non-circular cylindric, and toric form as well as to surfaces of other non-spherical shape such as generally described surfaces. It does not apply to diffractive surfaces, Fresnel surfaces, and micro-optical surfaces.

ISO 10110-17:2004 specifies rules for the indication of the damage threshold from laser irradiation up to which optical surfaces shall not exhibit any damage, as defined in ISO 11254-1, as part of specification of the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection.

ISO 10110 specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. This part of ISO 10110 specifies rules for the indication of the surface texture of optical elements. Surface texture is the characteristic of a surface that can be effectively described with statistical methods. Typically, surface texture is associated with high spatial frequency errors (roughness) and mid-spatial frequency errors (waviness). This part of ISO 10110 is primarily intended for the specification of polished optics. This part of ISO 10110 describes a method for characterizing the residual surface that is left after detrending by subtracting the surface form.

ISO 10110-7:2008 specifies the indication of the level of acceptability of surface imperfections within the effective aperture of individual optical elements and optical assemblies. These include localized surface imperfections, edge chips and long scratches. ISO 10110-7:2008 applies to transmitting and reflecting surfaces of finished optical elements, whether or not they are coated, and to optical assemblies. It recognizes that permissible imperfections may be specified according to the area affected by imperfections on components or in optical assemblies.

ISO 10110-14:2007 gives rules for the indication of the permissible deformation of a wavefront transmitted through or, in the case of reflective optics, reflected from an optical element or assembly. The deformation of the wavefront refers to its departure from the desired shape. The tilt of the wavefront with respect to a given reference surface is excluded from the scope of ISO 10110-14:2007.

ISO 10110-12:2007 specifies rules for presentation, dimensioning and tolerancing of optically effective surfaces of aspheric form. ISO 10110-12:2007 does not apply to discontinuous surfaces such as Fresnel surfaces or gratings. ISO 10110-12:2007 does not specify the method by which compliance with the specifications is to be tested.

ISO 10110-5:2007 forms part of the ISO 10110 series which specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. ISO 10110-5:2007 specifies rules for indicating the tolerance for surface form and applies to surfaces of both spherical and aspheric form.

The ISO 10110 series of International Standards specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. ISO 10110-1:2006 specifies the presentation in drawings of the characteristics, especially the tolerances, of optical elements and systems.

ISO 10110-10:2004 specifies a format for indicating the dimensions, permissible deviations and material imperfections of optical elements and cemented assemblies in tabular form as part of specification of the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection.

International Standard ISO 10110 applies to the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and assemblies in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. ISO 10110-14:2003 provides rules for the indication of the allowable deformation of a wavefront transmitted through or, in the case of reflective optics, reflected from an optical element or assembly. The deformation of the wavefront refers to its departure from the desired shape ("Nominal theoretical wavefront"). The tilt of the wavefront with respect to a given reference surface is excluded from the scope. There is no requirement that a tolerance for wavefront deformation be indicated. If such a tolerance is specified, it does not take precedence over a tolerance for the surface deformation according to ISO 10110-5. If tolerances for both the surface deformation and the wavefront deformation are given, they must both be upheld.

Replaces the word spherical with the word aspheric in clause 3.10, second line.

Specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. Specifies a format for indicating the dimensions, permissible deviations and material imperfections of a lens element in tabular form.

Specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. Specifies the indication of the level of acceptability of bubbles and other inclusions in optical elements.

Specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. Gives rules for indicating the treatments and coatings applied to optical surfaces for functional and/or protective purposes.

Specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. Gives rules for indicating the tolerances for surface form. Applies to surfaces of both spherical and aspheric form.

Specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. Specifies the permissible deviations and material imperfections when these are not explicitly indicated.

Specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. Specifies the indication of the permissible stress birefringence in optical elements made of isotropic material.

Specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. Specifies the indication of the level of acceptability of surface imperfections (scratches, pits, coating blemishes etc.) within the effective aperture of the optical surfaces of individual optical elements.

Specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. Gives rules for indicating centring tolerances for optical elements. Applies to rotationally symmetric optical systems only.

Specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. Specifies the presentation in drawings of the characteristics, especially the tolerances, of optical elements and systems.