ISO 17438-4:2019
(Main)Intelligent transport systems — Indoor navigation for personal and vehicle ITS station — Part 4: Requirements and specifications for interface between personal/vehicle and central ITS stations
Intelligent transport systems — Indoor navigation for personal and vehicle ITS station — Part 4: Requirements and specifications for interface between personal/vehicle and central ITS stations
This document defines detailed use cases, requirements and message specifications for supporting indoor navigation functionality between a personal/vehicle (P/V) ITS station and a central ITS station. This document defines: a) Clusters of use cases based on processing flows for indoor navigation between a P/V ITS station and a central ITS station; b) Detailed use cases derived from the clusters of use cases for indoor navigation; c) Message specifications to support some of the detailed use cases. The message specifications include mandatory, conditional and optional elements. This document is only applicable to the core flow for the navigational functionality in indoor space. The following issues which are adjunctive but essential for commercial navigation services are beyond the scope of this document: — Authorized and authenticated access of users and services, including security; — Payment; — Preparation of indoor data which are necessary for indoor navigation; — Detailed data formats for indoor navigation data, including indoor maps and indoor positioning references (these form a part of ISO 17438-2[1] and ISO 17438-3[2]); — How to transfer and share data required for indoor navigation between a roadside ITS station and a central ITS station, i.e. low-level communication protocols; — Other issues dependent on implementation of an instance of indoor navigation, e.g. indoor-outdoor seamless navigation. This document uses the XML and Data eXchange Message (DXM) format defined in ISO 13184-2 to encode defined messages. [1] Under development. Current stage 0.00. [2] Under development. Current stage 0.00.
Systèmes de transport intelligents — Navigation interne pour station personelle et véhicule ITS — Partie 4: Exigences et spécifications de l'interface entre les stations personnelle/véhicule et centrale ITS
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 17438-4
First edition
2019-04
Intelligent transport systems —
Indoor navigation for personal and
vehicle ITS station —
Part 4:
Requirements and specifications for
interface between personal/vehicle
and central ITS stations
Systèmes de transport intelligents — Navigation interne pour station
personelle et véhicule ITS —
Partie 4: Exigences et spécifications de l'interface entre les stations
personnelle/véhicule et centrale ITS
Reference number
ISO 17438-4:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
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ISO 17438-4:2019(E)
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ISO 17438-4:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms . 2
3.1 Terms and definitions . 2
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 3
4 Conformance . 4
4.1 Conformance requirements . 4
4.2 Obligation and conditions . 4
5 Conventions . 4
6 Overview of indoor navigation . 4
6.1 Indoor navigation . 4
6.2 Relationship to other parts of the ISO 17438 series . 6
7 Use case definitions . 6
7.1 Use case clusters overview . 6
7.2 Descriptions of use cases . 7
7.2.1 UC cluster 1 — Identification of indoor space . 7
7.2.2 UC cluster 2 — Indoor navigation data . 9
7.2.3 UC cluster 3 — Client based indoor navigation .13
7.2.4 UC cluster 4 — Server based indoor navigation .15
8 Message definitions .18
8.1 Overview .18
8.2 search-indoor-POIs .20
8.3 candidates-of-indoor-POIs .21
8.4 search-indoor-spaces .23
8.5 candidates-of-indoor-spaces .25
8.6 search-indoor-maps .26
8.7 candidates-of-indoor-maps .29
8.8 retrieve-indoor-map .30
8.9 indoor-map .31
8.10 search-indoor-positioning-references .33
8.11 candidates-of-indoor-positioning-references .35
8.12 retrieve-indoor-positioning-reference .36
8.13 indoor-positioning-reference .37
9 Requirements .39
Annex A (normative) Data type .41
Annex B (normative) Code list .55
Annex C (informative) Detailed example scenario of indoor navigation .59
Annex D (informative) Relationship to ISO 17438-2 and ISO 17438-3 .60
Bibliography .61
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ISO 17438-4:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
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ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
For a list of all the parts in the ISO 17438 series, see the ISO website www .iso .org.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
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ISO 17438-4:2019(E)
Introduction
With the spread of nomadic and mobile devices such as smart phones and the rapid expansion of indoor
spaces, many of the services and facilities related to the transport system have become accessible to
indoor spaces. Consequently, navigation in indoor space is considered a new killer application in the
transport industry.
The objective of this document is to provide message specifications required for indoor navigation
functionality. This document is intended to be used by designers, developers and providers of indoor
navigation services. This document defines use cases, requirements and message specifications for
supporting indoor navigation in intelligent transport systems. When implemented, this document will:
1) Provide developers and designers with concepts and appropriate information to implement indoor
navigation service;
2) Provide developers and designers with interoperable ways to use indoor navigation data from
various sources for indoor navigation;
3) Enable users to be provided with indoor navigation;
4) Provide developers and designers with an extendable base for indoor navigation.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17438-4:2019(E)
Intelligent transport systems — Indoor navigation for
personal and vehicle ITS station —
Part 4:
Requirements and specifications for interface between
personal/vehicle and central ITS stations
1 Scope
This document defines detailed use cases, requirements and message specifications for supporting
indoor navigation functionality between a personal/vehicle (P/V) ITS station and a central ITS station.
This document defines:
a) Clusters of use cases based on processing flows for indoor navigation between a P/V ITS station
and a central ITS station;
b) Detailed use cases derived from the clusters of use cases for indoor navigation;
c) Message specifications to support some of the detailed use cases. The message specifications
include mandatory, conditional and optional elements.
This document is only applicable to the core flow for the navigational functionality in indoor space. The
following issues which are adjunctive but essential for commercial navigation services are beyond the
scope of this document:
— Authorized and authenticated access of users and services, including security;
— Payment;
— Preparation of indoor data which are necessary for indoor navigation;
— Detailed data formats for indoor navigation data, including indoor maps and indoor positioning
1) 2)
references (these form a part of ISO 17438-2 and ISO 17438-3 );
— How to transfer and share data required for indoor navigation between a roadside ITS station and
a central ITS station, i.e. low-level communication protocols;
— Other issues dependent on implementation of an instance of indoor navigation, e.g. indoor-outdoor
seamless navigation.
This document uses the XML and Data eXchange Message (DXM) format defined in ISO 13184-2 to
encode defined messages.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
1) Under development. Current stage 0.00.
2) Under development. Current stage 0.00.
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ISO 17438-4:2019(E)
ISO 13184-2, Intelligent transport systems (ITS) — Guidance protocol via personal ITS station for advisory
safety systems — Part 2: Road guidance protocol (RGP) requirements and specification
ISO 17423, Intelligent transport systems — Cooperative systems — Application requirements and objectives
ISO/TS 17429, Intelligent transport systems — Cooperative ITS — ITS station facilities for the transfer of
information between ITS stations
ISO 17438-1, Intelligent transport systems — Indoor navigation for personal and vehicle ITS station —
Part 1: General information and use case definition
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in ISO 13184-2 and ISO 17438-1 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1.1
indoor space
space within artificial structures such as buildings and facilities connected with transport corridors
or roads
EXAMPLE A building or indoor parking lot.
3.1.2
indoor navigation
navigation provided in indoor space
3.1.3
ITS station
ITS-S
entity in a communication network, comprised of application, facilities, networking and access layer
components specified in ISO 21217 that operate within a bounded secure management domain
[SOURCE: ISO 13184-2:2016, 3.5]
3.1.4
personal/vehicle ITS station
P/V-ITS-S
ITS station implemented in a vehicle or mobile device
3.1.5
roadside ITS station
R-ITS-S
system that receives and processes vehicular and pedestrian information within a certain zone
Note 1 to entry: The system is installed at the roadside.
3.1.6
central ITS station
central ITS-S
C-ITS-S
implementation of an ITS-S in a central ITS subsystem
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ISO 17438-4:2019(E)
3.1.7
indoor positioning
determination of a location in an indoor space
3.1.8
client-based indoor positioning
indoor positioning executed at a personal/vehicle ITS station (P/V-ITS-S)
3.1.9
server-based indoor positioning
indoor positioning executed at a central ITS station (C-ITS-S)
3.1.10
indoor map
map required for indoor navigation, which includes an indoor POI map, an indoor network map, an
indoor cell map, and an indoor background map
3.1.11
indoor positioning infrastructure
infrastructure used to determine locations of personal/vehicle ITS stations (P/V-ITS-S) in an indoor space
EXAMPLE Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc.
3.1.12
indoor positioning reference
information to support indoor positioning
Note 1 to entry: Detailed specifications and contents of indoor positioning references depend on the specific
indoor positioning technologies.
EXAMPLE 1 A good example of an indoor positioning reference is information about indoor positioning
infrastructure.
EXAMPLE 2 For Wi-Fi based positioning, the indoor positioning infrastructure information includes the Wi-Fi
APs information, such as location, SSID, and RSSI values of APs.
3.1.13
indoor navigation data
data needed for indoor navigation, which includes indoor maps and indoor positioning infrastructure
information
3.2 Abbreviated terms
ITS Intelligent Transport Systems
ITS-S ITS Station
P/V-ITS-S Personal/Vehicle ITS Station
R-ITS-S Roadside ITS Station
C-ITS-S Central ITS Station
CRD Cardinality
CRS Coordinate Reference System
DXM Data eXchange Message (from ISO 13184-2)
EPSG European Petroleum Survey Group
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ISO 17438-4:2019(E)
GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
GPS Global Positioning System
M/O Mandatory/Optional
MO Maximum Occurrence
POI Point of Interest
SI International System of Units
XML eXtensible Markup Language
WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
4 Conformance
4.1 Conformance requirements
For conformance with this document, the requirements described in Clause 9 shall be met.
4.2 Obligation and conditions
For the purpose of conformance tests according to Clause 9, the elements in a message shall be
considered to be mandatory, conditional or optional as specified in this document.
5 Conventions
This document is based on the conventions of XML and DXM (Data eXchange Message) formats defined
in normative references.
6 Overview of indoor navigation
6.1 Indoor navigation
Indoor navigation involves indoor spaces with routes of navigation. Figure 1 shows an indoor navigation
implementation environment and ITS entities that compose this environment.
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ISO 17438-4:2019(E)
Figure 1 — Concept of indoor navigation
Because of the existence of indoor spaces, to provide navigation functionality, indoor navigation
requires access to more data:
— Indoor positioning reference
Unlike GNSS, many indoor positioning technologies require additional data to support positioning.
For example, indoor positioning using WiFi or WLAN infrastructure, which is most frequently
mentioned, requires information related to access point devices installed in target indoor spaces
or a radio-signal fingerprint map constructed in the target indoor spaces. Other indoor positioning
technologies, such as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacons or Radio-Frequency Identification
(RFID) tags, are similar. Geomagnetic indoor positioning also requires a fingerprint map on the
strength of the geomagnetic fields in the indoor spaces. Detailed composition of indoor positioning
reference data is dependent on indoor positioning technologies.
— Indoor map
Various types of indoor maps, including indoor networks, cells, POIs and background maps, are
required for planning routes in indoor spaces and for guidance.
Therefore, fundamental functionalities to support indoor navigation need to include the following:
— Identification of indoor spaces to be involved in navigation;
— Search and retrieval, or access, of/to indoor maps and indoor positioning reference.
Indoor navigation can be implemented in client-based forms or server-based forms according to
various aspects such as accessibility to indoor maps or indoor positioning references to each indoor
space. In this document, specific use cases for client-based indoor navigation and server-based indoor
navigation including the basic functionalities mentioned above are defined in Clause 7. In Clause 8,
message definitions for some use cases defined in Clause 7 are shown. An example scenario of an indoor
navigation using defined use cases and messages is given in Annex C.
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ISO 17438-4:2019(E)
6.2 Relationship to other parts of the ISO 17438 series
ISO 17438-1 defines the overall structures and use cases for indoor navigation in general. This document
redefines some use cases in depth to derive definitions of message interfaces for indoor navigation
between a P/V-ITS-S and a C-ITS-S.
— Identification of indoor spaces;
— Search and retrieval of indoor maps and indoor positioning references;
— Client-based and server-based indoor navigation.
This document focuses on how to access indoor navigation data to support indoor navigation
functionalities, not on a specific type or form of implementation. Therefore, message interfaces to
access indoor navigation data are defined in this document and detailed message formats for specific
implementation related to normal outdoor navigation are not covered. For example, some messages
required for flow controls in server-based navigation, such as setting waypoints, route planning, start/
termination of route guidance, which can be given through normal, outdoor server-based navigation,
are not defined in this document.
This document assumes that all information and data, including indoor spaces, indoor maps, and indoor
positioning references, exist at a C-ITS-S. Although some information and data can be provided by an
external data provider case by case, generally it can be supported through a C-ITS-S.
Moreover, further information is contained in other parts of ISO 17438, for example:
— Indoor map types and the format itself
These issues are within the scope of ISO 17438-2 including how to connect indoor network maps
and outdoor network maps. Although some names for types of data related to types of indoor
maps and formats are mentioned in this document, they are defined in more detail or re-defined in
ISO 17438-2.
— Indoor positioning types of reference and formats
These issues are within the scope of ISO 17438-3. Although some names for types of data related
to types of indoor positioning reference and formats are mentioned in this document, they are
defined in more detail or re-defined in ISO 17438-3. More details about the relationship between
this document and ISO 17438-2 and ISO 17438-3 are given in Annex D.
There can be many forms of implementation for indoor navigation and several issues that are out of
the scope of this document that should be considered upon implementation.
— Indoor-outdoor seamless navigation
A key factor of indoor-outdoor seamless navigation is switching from indoor positioning to outdoor
positioning and vice versa. How to switch between indoor positioning and outdoor positioning
differ case to case depending on navigation environments and implementations.
7 Use case definitions
7.1 Use case clusters overview
Table 1 provides an overview of use cases for indoor navigation. The use cases are grouped into use
case clusters.
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ISO 17438-4:2019(E)
Table 1 — Overview of use case clusters
# Title of Brief description Related use cases
use case cluster in ISO 17438-1
1. Identification of This cluster describes use cases that identify indoor 1.5 Indoor POI search
Indoor spaces spaces involved during indoor navigation.
1.9 Server-based indoor POI
UC 1.1 searching for indoor POIs Search
UC 1.1 searching for indoor spaces
2. Search and retriev- This cluster includes use cases related to search 1.10 Indoor map data informa-
al of Indoor naviga- and retrieval of indoor maps and indoor positioning tion request
tion data reference data.
1.11 Indoor positioning reference
UC 2.1 searching for indoor maps data information request
UC 2.2 retrieving indoor maps 1.12 Indoor map data download
UC 2.3 searching for indoor positioning references 1.13 Indoor positioning reference
data download
UC 2.4 retrieving indoor positioning reference
2.4 Indoor map data provision
2.8 Indoor positioning reference
data provision
3. Client based indoor This cluster considers the scenarios in which route 1.1 Indoor map display
navigation planning and guidance for indoor navigation are
1.3 Indoor route planning
provided at the client side.
1.4 Indoor route guidance
UC 3.1 setting waypoints at P/V-ITS-S
UC 3.2 route planning at P/V-ITS-S
UC 3.3 route guidance by P/V-ITS-S
4. Server based in- This cluster considers the scenarios in which route 1.1 Indoor map display
door navigation planning and guidance for indoor navigation are
1.7 Server-based indoor route
provided at the server side.
planning
UC 4.1 setting waypoints at the C-ITS-S
1.8 Server-based indoor route
UC 4.2 route planning at the C-ITS-S guidance
UC 4.3 route guidance by the C-ITS-S
NOTE Some use cases of ISO 17438-1 that are not listed in Table 1 are out of the scope of this document. They
are addressed in other parts. For example, use cases related to indoor positioning are addressed in ISO 17438-3.
The use cases in Table 1 are grouped into clusters according to their functionality: identification of the
indoor space, retrieval of indoor navigation data and indoor positioning. Thus, indoor navigation can
be provided with an effective combination of some use cases in use-case clusters, depending on the
detailed scenario and implementation.
7.2 Descriptions of use cases
7.2.1 UC cluster 1 — Identification of indoor space
This use case cluster involves use cases used when a P/V-ITS-S needs to know which indoor spaces are
necessary for planning a route in indoor navigation.
7.2.1.1 UC 1.1 — Searching for indoor POIs
Table 2 defines the use case for searching for indoor POIs and identifying indoor spaces including the POIs.
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ISO 17438-4:2019(E)
Table 2 — Definition of UC 1.1 — Searching for indoor POIs
Use case cluster 1 — Identification of indoor space
Use case name UC 1.1 — Searching indoor POIs
Description A P/V-ITS-S searches for indoor POIs and identifies indoor spaces in which the indoor POIs
exist through a C-ITS-S.
Pre-condition a) Bi-directional communication between the P/V-ITS-S and the C-ITS-S should be
available.
b) The P/V-ITS-S should have appropriate permission to access the C-ITS-S.
Processing flows a) A user inputs information about indoor POIs to be searched for at the P/V-ITS-S.
Note 1
b) The P/V-ITS-S sets search conditions based on the given information and
requests the C-ITS-S to search for indoor POIs using the search conditions.
c) The C-ITS-S searches for candidates of indoor POIs that satisfy the given search
conditions.
Note 2
d) The C-ITS-S transfers the search results to the P/V-ITS-S with identifications of
indoor spaces in which the searched for indoor POIs exist.
e) The P/V-ITS-S can select a POI among the transferred candidates of POIs with the
user’s confirmation.
Note 1) Refer to the “search-indoor-POIs” message in 8.2 for the kinds and types of
conditions. The available search conditions depend on the implemented service
flow. Some values for search conditions can be based on the user’s inputs or other
data managed during indoor navigation according to the specific design and
implementation.
2) Refer to “indoorPOI” and “indoorSpace” data types in Annex A for identification
of an indoor space.
Related Message
Message name Exe Message description
flows definition
search-indoor-POIs
b) P/V Sends the prepared conditions for searching 8.2
for indoor POIs to the C-ITS-S.
candidates-of-
d) C Sends the search results to the P/V-ITS-S. 8.3
indoor-POIs
Note
None
7.2.1.2 UC 1.2 — Searching indoor spaces
Table 3 defines the use case handling of how a P/V-ITS-S finds indoor spaces to be checked for indoor
navigation.
Table 3 — Definition of UC 1.1 — Searching indoor spaces
Use case cluster 1 — Identification of indoor space
Use case name UC 1.2 — Searching for indoor spaces
Description A P/V-ITS-S searches for indoor spaces involved in
...
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