Adaptation to climate change — Requirements and guidance on adaptation planning for local governments and communities

This document specifies requirements and guidance on adaptation planning for local governments and communities. This document supports local governments and communities in adapting to climate change based on vulnerability, impacts and risk assessments. In working with relevant interested parties, it also supports the setting of priorities, and the development and subsequent updating of an adaptation plan.

Adaptation au changement climatique — Exigences et recommandations relatives à la planification de l'adaptation pour les autorités locales et les communautés

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Status
Published
Publication Date
20-May-2020
Current Stage
9060 - Close of review
Start Date
02-Dec-2026
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TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 14092
First edition
2020-05
Adaptation to climate change —
Requirements and guidance on
adaptation planning for local
governments and communities
Adaptation au changement climatique — Exigences et
recommandations relatives à la planification de l'adaptation pour les
autorités locales et les communautés
Reference number
ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 1 .
Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principles . 5
4.1 Accountability . 5
4.2 Continual learning and improvement . 5
4.3 Flexibility . 5
4.4 Mainstreaming and embedding. 5
4.5 Practicality . 6
4.6 Prioritization . 6
4.7 Proportionality . 6
4.8 Relevance . 6
4.9 Transparency . 6
5 Pre-planning . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Framing adaptation . 7
5.3 Roles, responsibilities and duties of the teams . 7
5.3.1 Core decision-making team . 7
5.3.2 Facilitation team . . 7
5.3.3 Interested parties . 9
5.3.4 Agreement and approval . 9
6 Assessing climate change impacts including opportunities . 9
6.1 General . 9
6.2 Identifying climate change.10
6.3 Assessing climat e change impacts .11
6.4 Impact assessment methods .13
6.4.1 General.13
6.4.2 Risk assessment . .14
6.4.3 Vulnerability assessment .14
6.4.4 Thresholds analysis .14
6.4.5 Defining areas and sectors where adaptation is needed.15
6.5 Assessing adaptive capacity .15
6.6 Identifying opportunities .16
6.7 Identifying uncertainties .17
7 Formulating the adaptation plan .17
7.1 General .17
7.2 Planning considering the policy context .18
7.3 Identification of potential adaptation measures .19
7.4 Assessment of adaptation measures .19
7.5 Decision-making .20
7.5.1 General.20
7.5.2 Interested parties’ engagement .21
7.5.3 Selection of climate change adaptation measures .21
7.5.4 Short, medium and long lifespan decisions .22
7.5.5 Documenting the decision .22
7.6 Local adaptation plan .23
7.6.1 General.23
7.6.2 Scope of the plan .23
7.6.3 Boundaries of the system .23
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ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

7.6.4 Formulation and presentation .24
7.6.5 Implementation .25
7.6.6 Monitoring and evaluation .25
7.6.7 Consultation on the draft adaptation plan .26
7.6.8 Confirmation and authorization .26
7.6.9 Publication and archive .26
8 Implementation .26
8.1 Leadership and commitment .26
8.2 Preparation for implementation .27
8.3 Implementation plan .27
9 Monitoring and evaluation.28
10 Reporting and communication .28
Annex A (informative) Example tables of contents of local adaptation plans .30
Annex B (informative) Tools for local adaptation planning .35
Annex C (informative) Indicators for monitoring and evaluation in local adaptation planning .39
Bibliography .40
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

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ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management,
Subcommittee SC 7, Greenhouse gas management and related activities.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved v

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ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

Introduction
Preparing for risks posed by climate change and planning for adaptation at local government
and community levels is essential for the safety and security of society, as well as for its economic,
environmental and social well-being. Changes in the climate are often reflected by floods, heatwaves,
droughts, coastal erosion and other impacts that have been identified across the globe, which pose
threats to life, property, economic well-being and to ecosystems. The UN Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change (IPCC) has projected that global warming from past anthropogenic emissions will
persist for centuries to millennia and will continue to cause further long-term changes in the climate
system such as sea level rise, with associated impacts.
This document presents guidance for local governments and communities on how to prepare for such
threats and the associated risks. The document recognizes that the impacts posed by climate change
vary widely from region to region, and directly affect communities’ well-being and local governments
including the public services they offer, as well as the safety and security of individuals within their
jurisdiction. It is the responsibility of local governments and communities to provide leadership in
planning and preparing to manage these risks.
This document also describes how to develop an adaptation plan at the local government and community
levels. The planning process details why and how to establish an appropriate (well-structured and
collaborative) governance structure and the elements of the adaptation planning and implementation
processes. These details include establishing a facilitation team, assessing risks and developing an
effective plan, monitoring the progress of adaptation implementation and evaluating its achievement
with the aim of improving the plan. The step-by-step process presented enables tailoring of the local
adaptation plan to suit the climate, environmental and societal conditions in each case. Following
this document will lead to developing a robust, effective adaptation plan that can be implemented,
promoting appropriate climate action today and in the future.
It is important to note that the climate is changing, and planning and implementing adaptation is a
continual learning and improvement process that requires sustained attention and action. This
document will help local governments and communities in taking initial action to create a safe, socially
and economically secure and sustainable society that is resilient to current and future impacts of
climate change.
vi © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

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ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

NOTE  The graph is designed to be interpreted clockwise.
Figure 1 — Logical framework of this document
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved vii

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)
Adaptation to climate change — Requirements and
guidance on adaptation planning for local governments
and communities
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements and guidance on adaptation planning for local governments and
communities.
This document supports local governments and communities in adapting to climate change based
on vulnerability, impacts and risk assessments. In working with relevant interested parties, it also
supports the setting of priorities, and the development and subsequent updating of an adaptation plan.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www. iso. org/o bp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www.e lectropedia. org/
3.1
adaptation to climate change
climate change adaptation
process of adjustment to actual or expected climate (3.3) and its effects
Note 1 to entry: In human systems, adaptation seeks to moderate or avoid harm or exploit beneficial opportunities.
Note 2 to entry: In some natural systems, human intervention can facilitate adjustment to expected climate and
its effects.
[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.1]
3.2
adaptive capacity
ability of systems, institutions, humans, and other organisms to adjust to potential damage, to take
advantage of opportunities, or to respond to consequences
Note 1 to entry: Coping capacity is defined as the ability of people, organizations (3.17), and systems, using
available skills, resources, and opportunities, to address, manage, and overcome adverse conditions.
[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.2, modified — Note 1 to entry has been added.]
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 1

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ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

3.3
climate
statistical description of weather in terms of the mean and variability of relevant quantities over a
period of time ranging from months to thousands or millions of years
Note 1 to entry: The classical period for averaging these variables is 30 years, as defined by the World
Meteorological Organization.
Note 2 to entry: The relevant quantities are most often near-surface variables such as temperature, precipitation,
and wind.
[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.4]
3.4
climate change
change in climate (3.3) that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer
Note 1 to entry: Climate change can be identified by such means as statistical tests (e.g. on changes in the mean,
variability).
Note 2 to entry: Climate change might be due to natural processes, internal to the climate system, or external
forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions, and persistent anthropogenic changes in the
composition of the atmosphere or in land use.
[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.5]
3.5
climate projection
simulated response of the climate (3.3) system to a scenario of future emission or concentration of
greenhouse gases and aerosols, generally derived using climate models
Note 1 to entry: Climate projections are distinguished from climate predictions in order to emphasize that
climate projections depend upon the emission/concentration/radiative forcing scenario used, which are based
on assumptions concerning, for example, future socioeconomic and technological developments that may or may
not be realized.
[SOURCE: Adapted from IPCC, 2014]
3.6
climate scenario
plausible and often simplified representation of the future climate (3.3), based on an internally
consistent set of climatological relationships that has been constructed for explicit use in investigating
the potential consequences of anthropogenic climate change (3.4)
Note 1 to entry: Climate scenario often serves as input to impact (3.10) models.
[SOURCE: Adapted from IPCC, 2014]
3.7
community
group of people with an arrangement of responsibilities, activities, relationships and with common
interests in impacts (3.10) of climate change (3.4)
Note 1 to entry: A community can also be an organization (3.17) or institute (i.e. hospital, school, volunteer
group, etc.) comprised of a group of people living or working in the same place or having a particular
characteristic in common.
2 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

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ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

3.8
exposure
presence of people, livelihoods, species or ecosystems, environmental functions, services, and
resources, infrastructure, or economic, social or cultural assets in places and settings that could be
affected
Note 1 to entry: Exposure can change over time, for example as a result of urban development and land use change.
[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.6, modified — Note 1 to entry has been modified.]
3.9
hazard
potential source of harm
Note 1 to entry: The potential for harm can be in terms of loss of life, injury or other health impacts (3.10), as well
as damage and loss to property, infrastructure, livelihoods, service provision, ecosystems and environmental
resources.
Note 2 to entry: In this document, the term usually refers to climate-related physical events or trends or their
physical impacts.
Note 3 to entry: Hazard comprises slow-onset developments (e.g. rising temperatures over the long term) as well
as rapidly developing climatic extremes (e.g. a heatwave or a landslide) or increased variability.
[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.7]
3.10
impact
effect on natural and human systems
Note 1 to entry: In the context of climate change (3.4), the term “impact” is used primarily to refer to the effects on
natural and human systems of extreme weather and climate events and of climate change. Impacts generally refer
to effects on lives, livelihoods, health, ecosystems, economies, societies, cultures, services and infrastructure
due to the interaction of climate change or hazardous (3.9) climate events occurring within a specific time period
and the vulnerability (3.21) of an exposed society or system. Impacts are also referred to as consequences and
outcomes. The impacts of climate change on geophysical systems, including floods, droughts and sea level rise,
are a subset of impacts called “physical impacts”.
[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.8]
3.11
incremental change
small adjustments made towards a targeted result
3.12
indicator
quantitative, qualitative or binary variable that can be measured or described, in response to a defined
criterion
[SOURCE: ISO 13065:2015, 3.27]
3.13
interested party
person or organization (3.17) that can affect, be affected by, or perceive itself to be affected by a decision
or activity
EXAMPLE Communities (3.7), citizens, suppliers, customers, regulators, non-governmental organizations,
investors, employees and academia.
Note 1 to entry: To “perceive itself to be affected” means the perception has been made known to the organization.
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.1.6, modified — Example has been modified.]
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 3

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ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

3.14
local adaptation plan
action plan identifying and addressing the impacts (3.10) of climate change (3.4) in the area of
responsibility of a local government (3.15) or community (3.7)
Note 1 to entry: Such plan of action may contain priorities and planned activities for identifying and addressing
the impacts of climate change, including those associated with climate variability and extremes. It may include a
mix of policies, projects, programmes and measures, which are updated periodically.
3.15
local government
administration of a specific local area constituting a subdivision of a major political unit (such as a
nation or state), and the services they provide (i.e. state, prefecture, province, county, district, city,
town, etc.)
3.16
national adaptation plan
national document containing adaptation priorities and planned activities (policies, projects and
programmes) including an implementation strategy for a given period (e.g. 3 to 5 years)
Note 1 to entry: The main output of the process to formulate and implement national adaptation plans (NAPs)
established under the UNFCCC in 2010 as a means to enable Parties to identify medium- and long-term adaptation
needs and develop and implement strategies and programmes to address those needs.
[SOURCE: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 2017]
3.17
organization
person or group of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships
to achieve its objectives
Note 1 to entry: The concept of organization includes, but is not limited to sole-trader, company, corporation, firm,
enterprise, authority, partnership, charity or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether incorporated
or not, public or private.
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.1.4]
3.18
risk
effect of uncertainty
Note 1 to entry: An effect is a deviation from the expected. It can be positive, negative or both. An effect can
arise as a result of a response, or failure to respond, to an opportunity or to a threat related to achieving defined
objectives.
Note 2 to entry: Uncertainty is the state, even partial, of deficiency of information related to, understanding or
knowledge of an event, its consequence, or likelihood.
Note 3 to entry: Risk is often characterized by reference to potential “events” (as defined in ISO Guide 73:2009,
3.5.1.3) and “consequences” (as defined in ISO Guide 73:2009, 3.6.1.3), or a combination of these.
Note 4 to entry: Risk is often expressed in terms of a combination of the consequences of an event (including
changes in circumstances) and the associated “likelihood” (as defined in ISO Guide 73:2009, 3.6.1.1) of occurrence.
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.10, modified — Note 1 to entry has been modified.]
4 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

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ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

3.19
sensitivity
degree to which a system or species is affected, either adversely or beneficially, by climate (3.3)
variability or climate change (3.4)
Note 1 to entry: The effect may be direct (e.g. a change in the health and functioning of green infrastructure in
response to a change in the mean, range or variability of temperature) or indirect (e.g. damages caused by an
increase in the frequency of coastal flooding due to sea level rise).
[SOURCE: Adapted from IPCC, 2014]
3.20
transformation
change in the fundamental attributes of natural and hu
...

TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 14092
First edition
Adaptation to climate change —
Requirements and guidance on
adaptation planning for local
governments and communities
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principles . 5
4.1 Accountability . 5
4.2 Continual learning and improvement . 5
4.3 Flexibility . 5
4.4 Mainstreaming and embedding. 5
4.5 Practicality . 6
4.6 Prioritization . 6
4.7 Proportionality . 6
4.8 Relevance . 6
4.9 Transparency . 6
5 Pre-planning . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Framing adaptation . 7
5.3 Roles, responsibilities and duties of the teams . 7
5.3.1 Core decision-making team . 7
5.3.2 Facilitation team . . 7
5.3.3 Interested parties . 9
5.3.4 Agreement and approval . 9
6 Assessing climate change impacts including opportunities . 9
6.1 General . 9
6.2 Identifying climate change.10
6.3 Assessing climat e change impacts .11
6.4 Impact assessment methods .13
6.4.1 General.13
6.4.2 Risk assessment . .14
6.4.3 Vulnerability assessment .14
6.4.4 Thresholds analysis .14
6.4.5 Defining areas and sectors where adaptation is needed.15
6.5 Assessing adaptive capacity .15
6.6 Identifying opportunities .16
6.7 Identifying uncertainties .17
7 Formulating the adaptation plan .17
7.1 General .17
7.2 Planning considering the policy context .18
7.3 Identification of potential adaptation measures .19
7.4 Assessment of adaptation measures .19
7.5 Decision-making .20
7.5.1 General.20
7.5.2 Interested parties’ engagement .21
7.5.3 Selection of climate change adaptation measures .21
7.5.4 Short, medium and long lifespan decisions .22
7.5.5 Documenting the decision .22
7.6 Local adaptation plan .23
7.6.1 General.23
7.6.2 Scope of the plan .23
7.6.3 Boundaries of the system .23
7.6.4 Formulation and presentation .24
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE iii

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ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

7.6.5 Implementation .25
7.6.6 Monitoring and evaluation .25
7.6.7 Consultation on the draft adaptation plan .26
7.6.8 Confirmation and authorization .26
7.6.9 Publication and archive .26
8 Implementation .26
8.1 Leadership and commitment .26
8.2 Preparation for implementation .27
8.3 Implementation plan .27
9 Monitoring and evaluation.28
10 Reporting and communication .28
Annex A (informative) Example tables of contents of local adaptation plans .30
Annex B (informative) Tools for local adaptation planning .35
Annex C (informative) Indicators for monitoring and evaluation in local adaptation planning .39
Bibliography .40
iv PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

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ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management,
Subcommittee SC 7, Greenhouse gas management and related activities.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE v

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

Introduction
Preparing for risks posed by climate change and planning for adaptation at local government
and community levels is essential for the safety and security of society, as well as for its economic,
environmental and social well-being. Changes in the climate are often reflected by floods, heatwaves,
droughts, coastal erosion and other impacts that have been identified across the globe, which pose
threats to life, property, economic well-being and to ecosystems. The UN Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change (IPCC) has projected that global warming from past anthropogenic emissions will
persist for centuries to millennia and will continue to cause further long-term changes in the climate
system such as sea level rise, with associated impacts.
This document presents guidance for local governments and communities on how to prepare for such
threats and the associated risks. The document recognizes that the impacts posed by climate change
vary widely from region to region, and directly affect communities’ well-being and local governments
including the public services they offer, as well as the safety and security of individuals within their
jurisdiction. It is the responsibility of local governments and communities to provide leadership in
planning and preparing to manage these risks.
This document also describes how to develop an adaptation plan at the local government and community
levels. The planning process details why and how to establish an appropriate (well-structured and
collaborative) governance structure and the elements of the adaptation planning and implementation
processes. These details include establishing a facilitation team, assessing risks and developing an
effective plan, monitoring the progress of adaptation implementation and evaluating its achievement
with the aim of improving the plan. The step-by-step process presented enables tailoring of the local
adaptation plan to suit the climate, environmental and societal conditions in each case. Following
this document will lead to developing a robust, effective adaptation plan that can be implemented,
promoting appropriate climate action today and in the future.
It is important to note that the climate is changing, and planning and implementing adaptation is a
continual learning and improvement process that requires sustained attention and action. This
document will help local governments and communities in taking initial action to create a safe, socially
and economically secure and sustainable society that is resilient to current and future impacts of
climate change.
vi PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

NOTE The graph is designed to be interpreted clockwise.
Figure 1 — Logical framework of this document
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE vii

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)
Adaptation to climate change — Requirements and
guidance on adaptation planning for local governments
and communities
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements and guidance on adaptation planning for local governments and
communities.
This document supports local governments and communities in adapting to climate change based
on vulnerability, impacts and risk assessments. In working with relevant interested parties, it also
supports the setting of priorities, and the development and subsequent updating of an adaptation plan.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
adaptation to climate change
climate change adaptation
process of adjustment to actual or expected climate (3.3) and its effects
Note 1 to entry: In human systems, adaptation seeks to moderate or avoid harm or exploit beneficial opportunities.
Note 2 to entry: In some natural systems, human intervention can facilitate adjustment to expected climate and
its effects.
[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.1]
3.2
adaptive capacity
ability of systems, institutions, humans, and other organisms to adjust to potential damage, to take
advantage of opportunities, or to respond to consequences
Note 1 to entry: Coping capacity is defined as the ability of people, organizations (3.17), and systems, using
available skills, resources, and opportunities, to address, manage, and overcome adverse conditions.
[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.2, modified — Note 1 to entry has been added.]
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE 1

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ISO/TS 14092:2020(E)

3.3
climate
statistical description of weather in terms of the mean and variability of relevant quantities over a
period of time ranging from months to thousands or millions of years
Note 1 to entry: The classical period for averaging these variables is 30 years, as defined by the World
Meteorological Organization.
Note 2 to entry: The relevant quantities are most often near-surface variables such as temperature, precipitation,
and wind.
[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.4]
3.4
climate change
change in climate (3.3) that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer
Note 1 to entry: Climate change can be identified by such means as statistical tests (e.g. on changes in the mean,
variability).
Note 2 to entry: Climate change might be due to natural processes, internal to the climate system, or external
forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions, and persistent anthropogenic changes in the
composition of the atmosphere or in land use.
[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.5]
3.5
climate projection
simulated response of the climate (3.3) system to a scenario of future emission or concentration of
greenhouse gases and aerosols, generally derived using climate models
Note 1 to entry: Climate projections are distinguished from climate predictions in order to emphasize that
climate projections depend upon the emission/concentration/radiative forcing scenario used, which are based
on assumptions concerning, for example, future socioeconomic and technological developments that may or may
not be realized.
[SOURCE: Adapted from IPCC, 2014]
3.6
climate scenario
plausible and often simplified representation of the future climate (3.3), based on an internally
consistent set of climatological relationships that has been constructed for explicit use in investigating
the potential consequences of anthropogenic climate change (3.4)
Note 1 to entry: Climate scenario often serves as input to impact (3.10) models.
[SOURCE: Adapted from IPCC, 2014]
3.7
community
group of people with an arrangement of responsibilities, activities, relationships and with common
interests in impacts (3.10) of climate change (3.4)
Note 1 to entry: A community can also be an organization (3.17) or institute (i.e. hospital, school, volunteer
group, etc.) comprised of a group of people living or working in the same place or having a particular
characteristic in common.
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3.8
exposure
presence of people, livelihoods, species or ecosystems, environmental functions, services, and
resources, infrastructure, or economic, social or cultural assets in places and settings that could be
affected
Note 1 to entry: Exposure can change over time, for example as a result of urban development and land use change.
[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.6, modified — Note 1 to entry has been modified.]
3.9
hazard
potential source of harm
Note 1 to entry: The potential for harm can be in terms of loss of life, injury or other health impacts (3.10), as well
as damage and loss to property, infrastructure, livelihoods, service provision, ecosystems and environmental
resources.
Note 2 to entry: In this document, the term usually refers to climate-related physical events or trends or their
physical impacts.
Note 3 to entry: Hazard comprises slow-onset developments (e.g. rising temperatures over the long term) as well
as rapidly developing climatic extremes (e.g. a heatwave or a landslide) or increased variability.
[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.7]
3.10
impact
effect on natural and human systems
Note 1 to entry: In the context of climate change (3.4), the term “impact” is used primarily to refer to the effects on
natural and human systems of extreme weather and climate events and of climate change. Impacts generally refer
to effects on lives, livelihoods, health, ecosystems, economies, societies, cultures, services and infrastructure
due to the interaction of climate change or hazardous (3.9) climate events occurring within a specific time period
and the vulnerability (3.21) of an exposed society or system. Impacts are also referred to as consequences and
outcomes. The impacts of climate change on geophysical systems, including floods, droughts and sea level rise,
are a subset of impacts called “physical impacts”.
[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.8]
3.11
incremental change
small adjustments made towards a targeted result
3.12
indicator
quantitative, qualitative or binary variable that can be measured or described, in response to a defined
criterion
[SOURCE: ISO 13065:2015, 3.27]
3.13
interested party
person or organization (3.17) that can affect, be affected by, or perceive itself to be affected by a decision
or activity
EXAMPLE Communities (3.7), citizens, suppliers, customers, regulators, non-governmental organizations,
investors, employees and academia.
Note 1 to entry: To “perceive itself to be affected” means the perception has been made known to the organization.
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.1.6, modified — Example has been modified.]
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3.14
local adaptation plan
action plan identifying and addressing the impacts (3.10) of climate change (3.4) in the area of
responsibility of a local government (3.15) or community (3.7)
Note 1 to entry: Such plan of action may contain priorities and planned activities for identifying and addressing
the impacts of climate change, including those associated with climate variability and extremes. It may include a
mix of policies, projects, programmes and measures, which are updated periodically.
3.15
local government
administration of a specific local area constituting a subdivision of a major political unit (such as a
nation or state), and the services they provide (i.e. state, prefecture, province, county, district, city,
town, etc.)
3.16
national adaptation plan
national document containing adaptation priorities and planned activities (policies, projects and
programmes) including an implementation strategy for a given period (e.g. 3 to 5 years)
Note 1 to entry: The main output of the process to formulate and implement national adaptation plans (NAPs)
established under the UNFCCC in 2010 as a means to enable Parties to identify medium- and long-term adaptation
needs and develop and implement strategies and programmes to address those needs.
[SOURCE: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 2017]
3.17
organization
person or group of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships
to achieve its objectives
Note 1 to entry: The concept of organization includes, but is not limited to sole-trader, company, corporation, firm,
enterprise, authority, partnership, charity or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether incorporated
or not, public or private.
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.1.4]
3.18
risk
effect of uncertainty
Note 1 to entry: An effect is a deviation from the expected. It can be positive, negative or both. An effect can
arise as a result of a response, or failure to respond, to an opportunity or to a threat related to achieving defined
objectives.
Note 2 to entry: Uncertainty is the state, even partial, of deficiency of information related to, understanding or
knowledge of an event, its consequence, or likelihood.
Note 3 to entry: Risk is often characterized by reference to potential “events” (as defined in ISO Guide 73:2009,
3.5.1.3) and “consequences” (as defined in ISO Guide 73:2009, 3.6.1.3), or a combination of these.
Note 4 to entry: Risk is often expressed in terms of a combination of the consequences of an event (including
changes in circumstances) and the associated “likelihood” (as defined in ISO Guide 73:2009, 3.6.1.1) of occurrence.
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.10, modified — Note 1 to entry has been modified.]
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3.19
sensitivity
degree to which a system or species is affected, either adversely or beneficially, by climate (3.3)
variability or climate change (3.4)
Note 1 to entry: The effect may be direct (e.g. a change in the health and functioning of green infrastructure in
response to a change in the mean, range or variability of temperature) or indirect (e.g. damages caused by an
increase in the frequency of coastal flooding due to sea level rise).
[SOURCE: Adapted from IPCC, 2014]
3.20
transformation
change in the fundamental attributes of natural and human systems
[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.14]
3.21
vulnerability
propensity or predisposition to be adversely affected
Note 1 to entry: Vulnerability encompasses a variety of concepts and eleme
...

ESPECIFICACIÓN ISO/TS
TÉCNICA 14092
Primera edición
Traducción oficial
2020-05
Official translation
Traduction officielle
Adaptación al cambio climático —
Requisitos y orientación sobre la
planificación de la adaptación para los
gobiernos locales y las comunidades
Adaptation to climate change — Requirements and guidance on
adaptation planning for local governments and communities
Adaptation au changement climatique — Exigences et
recommandations relatives à la planification de l'adaptation pour les
autorités locales et les communautés
Publicado por la Secretaría Central de ISO en Ginebra, Suiza, como
traducción oficial en español avalada por el Grupo de Trabajo Spanish
Translation Task Force (STTF), que ha certificado la conformidad en
relación con las versiones inglesa y francesa.
Número de referencia
ISO/TS 14092:2020 (traducción oficial)
©
ISO 2020

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ISO/TS 14092:2020 (traducción oficial)

DOCUMENTO PROTEGIDO POR COPYRIGHT
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Reservados los derechos de reproducción. Salvo prescripción diferente, o requerido en el contexto de su implementación, no podrá
reproducirse ni utilizarse ninguna parte de esta publicación bajo ninguna forma y por ningún medio, electrónico o mecánico,
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solicitarse a ISO en la siguiente dirección o al organismo miembro de ISO en el país solicitante.
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Publicada en Suiza
Versión española publicada en 2021
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Índice Página
Prólogo .v
Prólogo de la versión en español .vi
Introducción .vii
1 Objeto y campo de aplicación. 1
2 Referencias normativas . 1
3 Términos y definiciones . 1
4 Principios . 5
4.1 Rendición de cuentas . 5
4.2 Aprendizaje y mejora continua . 5
4.3 Flexibilidad . 5
4.4 Incorporación e integración . 6
4.5 Practicidad . 6
4.6 Priorización. 6
4.7 Proporcionalidad . 6
4.8 Pertinencia . 6
4.9 Transparencia . 6
5 Planificación previa . 6
5.1 Generalidades . 6
5.2 Marco para la adaptación . 7
5.3 Funciones, responsabilidades y deberes de los equipos . 7
5.3.1 Equipo central de toma de decisiones . 7
5.3.2 Equipo facilitador . 8
5.3.3 Partes interesadas . 9
5.3.4 Acuerdo y aprobación.10
6 Evaluación de los impactos del cambio climático, incluidas las oportunidades .10
6.1 Generalidades .10
6.2 Identificación del cambio climático .10
6.3 Evaluación de los impactos del cambio climático .11
6.4 Métodos de evaluación de impacto .13
6.4.1 Generalidades .13
6.4.2 Evaluación de riesgos .14
6.4.3 Evaluación de vulnerabilidad.14
6.4.4 Análisis de umbrales .15
6.4.5 Definición de áreas y sectores donde se necesita adaptación .15
6.5 Evaluación de la capacidad de adaptación .16
6.6 Identificación de oportunidades .17
6.7 Identificación de incertidumbres .18
7 Formulación del plan de adaptación .18
7.1 Generalidades .18
7.2 Planificación teniendo en cuenta el contexto político .19
7.3 Identificación de medidas potenciales de adaptación .20
7.4 Evaluación de las medidas de adaptación .20
7.5 Toma de decisiones .21
7.5.1 Generalidades .21
7.5.2 Participación de las partes interesadas.22
7.5.3 Selección de medidas de adaptación al cambio climático .22
7.5.4 Decisiones de vida útil de corto, mediano y largo plazo .23
7.5.5 Documentar la decisión .23
7.6 Plan de adaptación local .24
7.6.1 Generalidades .24
7.6.2 Alcance del plan .25
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7.6.3 Límites del sistema .25
7.6.4 Formulación y presentación .25
7.6.5 Implementación .27
7.6.6 Seguimiento y evaluación .27
7.6.7 Consulta sobre el proyecto de plan de adaptación .27
7.6.8 Confirmación y autorización .27
7.6.9 Publicación y archivo .28
8 Implementación .28
8.1 Liderazgo y compromiso .28
8.2 Preparación para la implementación .28
8.3 Plan de implementación .29
9 Seguimiento y evaluación .29
10 Informes y comunicación .30
Anexo A (informativo) Ejemplos de tablas de contenidos de planes de adaptación locales .31
Anexo B (informativo) Herramientas para la planificación local de la adaptación .36
Anexo C (informativo) Indicadores de seguimiento y evaluación en la planificación local de
la adaptación .40
Bibliografía .41

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ISO/TS 14092:2020 (traducción oficial)

Prólogo
ISO (Organización Internacional de Normalización) es una federación mundial de organismos
nacionales de normalización (organismos miembros de ISO). El trabajo de elaboración de las Normas
Internacionales se lleva a cabo normalmente a través de los comités técnicos de ISO. Cada organismo
miembro interesado en una materia para la cual se haya establecido un comité técnico, tiene el derecho
de estar representado en dicho comité. Las organizaciones internacionales, gubernamentales y no
gubernamentales, vinculadas con ISO, también participan en el trabajo. ISO colabora estrechamente
con la Comisión Electrotécnica Internacional (IEC) en todos los temas de normalización electrotécnica.
En la Parte 1 de las Directivas ISO/IEC se describen los procedimientos utilizados para desarrollar este
documento y aquellos previstos para su mantenimiento posterior. En particular debería tomarse nota
de los diferentes criterios de aprobación necesarios para los distintos tipos de documentos ISO. Este
documento ha sido redactado de acuerdo con las reglas editoriales de la Parte 2 de las Directivas ISO/
IEC (véase www .iso .org/ directives).
Se llama la atención sobre la posibilidad de que algunos de los elementos de este documento puedan
estar sujetos a derechos de patente. ISO no asume la responsabilidad por la identificación de alguno
o todos los derechos de patente. Los detalles sobre cualquier derecho de patente identificado durante
el desarrollo de este documento se indicarán en la Introducción y/o en la lista ISO de declaraciones de
patente recibidas (véase www .iso .org/ patents).
Cualquier nombre comercial utilizado en este documento es información que se proporciona para
comodidad del usuario y no constituye una recomendación.
Para una explicación de la naturaleza voluntaria de las normas, el significado de los términos específicos
de ISO y las expresiones relacionadas con la evaluación de la conformidad, así como la información
acerca de la adhesión de ISO a los principios de la Organización Mundial del Comercio (OMC) respecto a
los Obstáculos Técnicos al Comercio (OTC), véase www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
Este documento ha sido elaborado por el Comité Técnico ISO/TC 207, Gestión ambiental, Subcomité SC 7,
Gestión de gases de efecto invernadero y actividades relacionadas.
Cualquier comentario o pregunta sobre este documento deberían dirigirse al organismo nacional de
normalización del usuario. En www .iso .org/ members .html se puede encontrar un listado completo de
estos organismos.
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Prólogo de la versión en español
Este documento ha sido traducido por el Grupo de Trabajo Spanish Translation Task Force (STTF) del
Comité Técnico ISO/TC 207, Gestión ambiental, en el que participan representantes de los organismos
nacionales de normalización y representantes del sector empresarial de los siguientes países:
Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, España, Estados Unidos de
América, México, Panamá, Perú y Uruguay.
Igualmente, en el citado Grupo de Trabajo participan representantes de COPANT (Comisión
Panamericana de Normas Técnicas) e INLAC (Instituto Latinoamericano de la Calidad).
Esta traducción es parte del resultado del trabajo que el Grupo ISO/TC 207/STTF, viene desarrollando
desde su creación en el año 1999 para lograr la unificación de la terminología en lengua española en el
ámbito de la gestión ambiental.
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ISO/TS 14092:2020 (traducción oficial)

Introducción
Prepararse para los riesgos que plantea el cambio climático y planificar la adaptación a nivel de los
gobiernos locales y de la comunidad es esencial para la seguridad de la sociedad, así como para su
bienestar económico, ambiental y social. Los cambios en el clima a menudo se reflejan en inundaciones,
olas de calor, sequías, erosión costera y otros impactos que se han identificado en todo el mundo,
que plantean amenazas para la vida, la propiedad, el bienestar económico y los ecosistemas. El Panel
Intergubernamental sobre Cambio Climático (IPCC) ha proyectado que el calentamiento global de las
emisiones antropogénicas pasadas, persistirá durante siglos o milenios y seguirá causando nuevos
cambios a largo plazo en el sistema climático, tal como el aumento del nivel del mar, con sus impactos
asociados.
Este documento presenta orientación para los gobiernos locales y las comunidades sobre cómo
prepararse para tales amenazas y los riesgos asociados. El documento reconoce que los impactos que
plantea el cambio climático varían ampliamente de una región a otra, y afecta directamente al bienestar
de las comunidades y los gobiernos locales incluyendo los servicios públicos que ofrecen, así como a la
seguridad de las personas dentro de su jurisdicción. Es responsabilidad de los gobiernos locales y las
comunidades proporcionar liderazgo en la planificación y preparación para gestionar estos riesgos.
Este documento también describe cómo desarrollar un plan de adaptación a nivel de gobierno local y
comunidad. El proceso de planificación detalla por qué y cómo establecer una estructura de gobierno
adecuada (bien estructurada y colaborativa) y los elementos de los procesos de planificación e
implementación para la adaptación. Estos detalles incluyen el establecimiento de un equipo facilitador,
la evaluación de riesgos y el desarrollo de un plan eficaz, el seguimiento del progreso de implementación
de la adaptación y la evaluación de su logro con el objetivo de mejorar el plan. El proceso paso a paso
presentado permite la elaboración de un plan de adaptación local a la medida de las condiciones
climáticas, ambientales y sociales en cada caso. El seguimiento de este documento conducirá a
desarrollar un plan de adaptación sólido y eficaz que pueda implementarse, promoviendo una acción
climática adecuada hoy y en el futuro.
Es importante tener en cuenta que el clima está cambiando, y la planificación e implementación de
la adaptación es un proceso continuo de aprendizaje y mejora que requiere una atención y acción
sostenidas. Este documento ayudará a los gobiernos locales y a las comunidades a tomar medidas
iniciales para crear una sociedad segura y sostenible, social y económicamente, que sea resiliente a los
impactos actuales y futuros del cambio climático.
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NOTA El gráfico está diseñado para ser interpretado en el sentido de las agujas del reloj.
Figura 1 — Marco lógico de este documento
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ESPECIFICACIÓN TÉCNICA ISO/TS 14092:2020 (traducción oficial)
Adaptación al cambio climático — Requisitos y orientación
sobre la planificación de la adaptación para los gobiernos
locales y las comunidades
1 Objeto y campo de aplicación
Este documento especifica los requisitos y la orientación sobre la planificación de la adaptación para los
gobiernos locales y las comunidades.
Este documento apoya a los gobiernos locales y a las comunidades en la adaptación al cambio climático
basado en la vulnerabilidad, los impactos y las evaluaciones de riesgos. Al trabajar con las partes
interesadas pertinentes, también apoya el establecimiento de prioridades y el desarrollo y posterior
actualización de un plan de adaptación.
2 Referencias normativas
No existen referencias normativas en este documento.
3 Términos y definiciones
Para los fines de este documento, se aplican los términos y definiciones siguientes.
ISO e IEC mantienen bases de datos terminológicas para su utilización en normalización en las siguientes
direcciones:
— Plataforma de búsqueda en línea de ISO: disponible en https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— Electropedia de IEC: disponible en https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
adaptación al cambio climático
proceso de adaptación al clima (3.3) real o previsto y sus efectos
Nota 1 a la entrada: En los sistemas humanos, la adaptación busca moderar o evitar daños o explotar
oportunidades beneficiosas.
Nota 2 a la entrada: En algunos sistemas naturales, la intervención humana puede facilitar el ajuste al clima
esperado y sus efectos.
[FUENTE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.1]
3.2
capacidad de adaptación
capacidad de los sistemas, las instituciones, los seres humanos y otros organismos para adaptarse a los
posibles daños, aprovechar las oportunidades o responder a las consecuencias
Nota 1 a la entrada: La capacidad de afrontar se define como la capacidad de las personas, las organizaciones
(3.17) y los sistemas, utilizando las habilidades, los recursos y las oportunidades disponibles, para abordar,
gestionar y superar las condiciones adversas.
[FUENTE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.2, modificado — Se ha añadido la Nota 1 a la entrada.]
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3.3
clima
descripción estadística del clima en términos de la media y variabilidad de las cantidades pertinentes
durante un período de tiempo que va desde meses hasta miles o millones de años
Nota 1 a la entrada: El período clásico para promediar estas variables es de 30 años, según lo definido por la
Organización Meteorológica Mundial.
Nota 2 a la entrada: Las cantidades pertinentes suelen ser variables cercanas a la superficie, como la temperatura,
la precipitación y el viento.
[FUENTE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.4]
3.4
cambio climático
cambio en el clima (3.3) que persiste durante un período prolongado, por lo general décadas o más
Nota 1 a la entrada: El cambio climático se puede identificar por medios tales como pruebas estadísticas (por
ejemplo, los cambios en la media, la variabilidad).
Nota 2 a la entrada: El cambio climático puede deberse a procesos naturales, internos del sistema climático o
fuerzas externas como modulaciones de los ciclos solares, erupciones volcánicas y cambios antropogénicos
persistentes en la composición de la atmósfera o en el uso del suelo.
[FUENTE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.5]
3.5
proyección climática
respuesta simulada del sistema climático (3.3) a un escenario de futuras emisiones o concentración de
gases de efecto invernadero y aerosoles, generalmente derivados utilizando modelos climáticos
Nota 1 a la entrada: Las proyecciones climáticas se distinguen de las predicciones climáticas en que las
proyecciones climáticas dependen del escenario de emisión/concentración/fuerza radiativa utilizado, que se
basan en supuestos relativos, por ejemplo, a futuros desarrollos socioeconómicos y tecnológicos que pueden o no
realizarse.
[FUENTE: Adaptado del IPCC, 2014]
3.6
escenario climático
representación plausible y a menudo simplificada del clima (3.3) futuro, basada en un conjunto de
relaciones climatológicas internamente coherentes que se ha construido para su uso explícito en la
investigación de las posibles consecuencias del cambio climático (3.4) antropogénico
Nota 1 a la entrada: El escenario climático a menudo sirve como entrada para los modelos de impacto (3.10).
[FUENTE: Adaptado del IPCC, 2014]
3.7
comunidad
grupo de personas con un acuerdo de responsabilidades, actividades, relaciones y con intereses
comunes en los impactos (3.10) del cambio climático (3.4)
Nota 1 a la entrada: Una comunidad también puede ser una organización (3.17) o instituto (es decir, hospital,
escuela, grupo de voluntarios, etc.) compuesto por un grupo de personas que viven o trabajan en el mismo lugar o
que tienen una característica particular en común.
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3.8
exposición
presencia de personas, medios de vida, especies o ecosistemas, funciones ambientales, servicios y
recursos, infraestructura o activos económicos, sociales o culturales en lugares y entornos que podrían
verse afectados
Nota 1 a la entrada: La exposición puede cambiar con el tiempo, por ejemplo, como resultado del desarrollo
urbano y el cambio de uso del suelo.
[FUENTE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.6, modificado — La Nota 1 a la entrada ha sido modificada.]
3.9
peligro
potencial fuente de daño
Nota 1 a la entrada: El potencial de daño puede ser en términos de pérdida de vidas, lesiones u otros impactos
(3.10) en la salud, así como daños y pérdidas a la propiedad, infraestructura, medios de vida, prestación de
servicios, ecosistemas y recursos ambientales.
Nota 2 a la entrada: En este documento, el término generalmente se refiere a eventos, tendencias o impactos
físicos relacionados con el clima.
Nota 3 a la entrada: El peligro comprende desarrollos de inicio lento (por ejemplo, aumento de las temperaturas a
largo plazo), así como extremos climáticos de rápido desarrollo (por ejemplo, una ola de calor o un deslizamiento
de tierra) o una mayor variabilidad.
[FUENTE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.7]
3.10
impacto
efecto en los sistemas naturales y humanos
Nota 1 a la entrada: En el contexto del cambio climático (3.4), el término "impacto" se utiliza principalmente
para referirse a los efectos en los sistemas naturales y humanos, condiciones climáticas extremas y fenómenos
climáticos y del cambio climático. Los impactos generalmente se refieren a los efectos sobre vidas, medios de
vida, salud, ecosistemas, economías, sociedades, culturas, servicios e infraestructura debido a la interacción del
cambio climático o eventos climáticos peligrosos (3.9) que ocurren dentro de un período de tiempo específico y la
vulnerabilidad (3.21) de una sociedad o sistema expuesto. Los impactos también se conocen como consecuencias
y resultados. Los impactos del cambio climático en los sistemas geofísicos, incluidas las inundaciones, las sequías
y el aumento del nivel del mar, son un subconjunto de impactos llamados "impactos físicos".
[FUENTE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.8]
3.11
cambio incremental
pequeños ajustes realizados hacia un resultado específico
3.12
indicador
variable cuantitativa, cualitativa o binaria que puede medirse o describirse, en respuesta a un criterio
definido
[FUENTE: ISO 13065:2015, 3.27]
3.13
parte interesada
persona u organización (3.17) que pueden afectar, verse afectados o percibirse afectados por una
decisión o actividad
EJEMPLO Comunidades (3.7), ciudadanos, proveedores, clientes, reguladores, organizaciones no
gubernamentales, inversores, empleados y académicos.
Traducción oficial/Official translation/Traduction officielle
© ISO 2020 – Todos los derechos reservados 3

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ISO/TS 14092:2020 (traducción oficial)

Nota 1 a la entrada: "Percibirse a sí mismo como afectado" si
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