This document provides a method to calculate the GHG emissions from an LNG liquefaction plant, onshore or offshore. The frame of this document ranges from the inlet flange of the LNG plant’s inlet facilities up to and including the offloading arms to truck, ship or railcar loading. The upstream supply of gas up to the inlet flange of the inlet facilities and the distribution of LNG downstream of the loading arms are only covered in general terms. This document covers: — all facilities associated with producing LNG, including reception facilities, condensate unit (where applicable), pre-treatment units (including but not limited to acid gas removal, dehydration, mercury removal, heavies removal), LPG extraction and fractionation (where applicable), liquefaction, LNG storage and loading, Boil-Off-Gas handling, flare and disposal systems, imported electricity or on-site power generation and other plant utilities and infrastructure (e.g. marine and transportation facilities). — natural gas liquefaction facilities associated with producing other products (e.g. domestic gas, condensate, LPG, sulphur, power export) to the extent required to allocate GHG emissions to the different products. — all GHG emissions associated with producing LNG. These emissions spread across scope 1, scope 2 and scope 3 of the responsible organization. Scope 1, 2 and 3 are defined in this document. All emissions sources are covered including flaring, combustion, cold vents, process vents, fugitive leaks and emissions associated with imported energy. The LNG plant is considered “under operation”, including emissions associated with initial start-up, maintenance, turnaround and restarts after maintenance or upset. The construction, commissioning, extension and decommissioning phases are excluded from this document but can be assessed separately. The emissions resulting from boil-off gas management during loading of the ship or any export vehicle are covered by this document. The emissions from a ship at berth, e.g. mast venting are not covered by this document. This document describes the allocation of GHG emissions to LNG and other hydrocarbon products where other products are produced (e.g. LPG, domestic gas, condensates, sulphur, etc.). This document defines preferred units of measurement and necessary conversions. This document also recommends instrumentation and estimations methods to monitor and report GHG emissions. Some emissions are measured and some are estimated. This document is applicable to the LNG industry. Applications include the provision of method to calculate GHG emissions through a standardized and auditable method, a means to determine their carbon footprint.

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This document enables a flexible creation of product knowledge models and data that supports systems engineering processes. The payload or design data can be exchanged across organizations or with the supply chain by combining resource description framework (RDF) triples, reference data dictionaries and a standardized set of relationships. This document is appropriate for use with the ISO 15926-series based reference data libraries, and it is applicable to the process industry, including oil, gas and power. However, manufacturing and aerospace industries can also benefit from this document. The following are within the scope of this document: — process plants in accordance with ISO 15926-1; — a methodology with low threshold for using reference data in combination with RDF triples for representing statements as defined in the ISO 15926 series; — an initial set of relationships required for process plant life-cycle representation; — a method to implement configuration management to trace back additions, changes and deletions in product and project data and enabling baselining; — data sharing, integration, exchange, and hand-over between computer systems. The following are outside the scope of this document: — serialisation methods; — definition of reference data libraries; — the syntax and format of implementations of either product data models or instance data using this document, or both; — any specific methods and guidelines other than RDF(S) for implementing ISO 15926-2.

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This document provides requirements and guidance for reporting of production performance data and production loss data in the operating phase by use of production loss categorization. It supplements the principles of ISO 20815:2018, Clause E.3 and Annex G by providing additional details.
This document focusses on installations and asset elements within the upstream business category. Business categories and associated installations and plants/units, systems and equipment classes are used in line with ISO 14224:2016, Annex A.
The production loss categories given in Annex A are given at a high taxonomic level and supplements the reporting of failure and maintenance parameters as defined in ISO 14224:2016, Annex B.

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This document establishes the principles, specifies the requirements and provides guidance for the development and implementation of an escape, evacuation and rescue (EER) plan. It is applicable to offshore installation design, construction, transportation, installation, offshore production/exploration drilling operation service life inspection/repair, decommissioning and removal activities related to petroleum and natural gas industries in the arctic and cold regions.
Reference to arctic and cold regions in this document is deemed to include both the Arctic and other locations characterized by low ambient temperatures and the presence or possibility of sea ice, icebergs, icing conditions, persistent snow cover and/or permafrost.
This document contains requirements for the design, operation, maintenance, and service-life inspection or repair of new installations and structures, and to modification of existing installations for operation in the offshore Arctic and cold regions, where ice can be present for at least a portion of the year. This includes offshore exploration, production and accommodation units utilized for such activities. To a limited extent, this document also addresses the vessels that support ER, if part of the overall EER plan.
While this document does not apply specifically to mobile offshore drilling units (MODUs, see ISO 19905‑1) many of the EER provisions contained herein are applicable to the assessment of such units in situations when the MODU is operated in arctic and cold regions.
The provisions of this document are intended to be used by stakeholders including designers, operators and duty holders. In some cases, floating platforms (as a type of offshore installations) can be classified as vessels (ships) by national law and the EER for these units are stipulated by international maritime law. However, many of the EER provisions contained in this document are applicable to such floating platforms.
This document applies to mechanical, process and electrical equipment or any specialized process equipment associated with offshore arctic and cold region operations that impacts the performance of the EER system. This includes periodic training and drills, EER system maintenance and precautionary down-manning as well as emergency situations.
EER associated with onshore arctic oil and gas facilities are not addressed in this document, except where relevant to an offshore development.

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ISO 20675:2018 defines terms and describes classifications related to biogas production by anaerobic digestion, gasification from biomass and power to gas from biomass sources, biogas conditioning, biogas upgrading and biogas utilization from a safety, environmental, performance and functionality perspective, during the design, manufacturing, installation, construction, testing, commissioning, acceptance, operation, regular inspection and maintenance phases.
Biogas installations are, among others, applied at industrial plants like food and beverage industries, waste water treatment plants, waste plants, landfill sites, small scale plants next to agricultural companies and small scale household installations.
The following topics are excluded from this document:
-      boilers, burners, furnaces and lightening, in case these are not specifically applied for locally produced biogas;
-      gas-fuelled engines for vehicles and ships;
-      the public gas grid;
-      specifications to determine biomethane quality;
-      transportation of compressed or liquefied biogas;
-      transportation of biomass or digestate;
-      assessment and determination whether biomass is sourced sustainably or not.
ISO 20675:2018 describes the following for information purposes as well:
-      the parameters to determine the size (e.g. small, medium-sized, or large scale);
-      the parameters to determine the type of installation (e.g. domestic, industrial);
-      the parameters to describe the type of technique;
-      terms and processes in order to develop health, safety and environmental protection guidelines for biogas installations.
NOTE       For an explanation of the Scope, see Annex A.

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This document provides requirements and guidance for reporting of production performance data and production loss data in the operating phase by use of production loss categorization. It supplements the principles of ISO 20815:2018, Clause E.3 and Annex G by providing additional details.
This document focusses on installations and asset elements within the upstream business category. Business categories and associated installations and plants/units, systems and equipment classes are used in line with ISO 14224:2016, Annex A.
The production loss categories given in Annex A are given at a high taxonomic level and supplements the reporting of failure and maintenance parameters as defined in ISO 14224:2016, Annex B.

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This document establishes the principles, specifies the requirements and provides guidance for the development and implementation of an escape, evacuation and rescue (EER) plan. It is applicable to offshore installation design, construction, transportation, installation, offshore production/exploration drilling operation service life inspection/repair, decommissioning and removal activities related to petroleum and natural gas industries in the arctic and cold regions.
Reference to arctic and cold regions in this document is deemed to include both the Arctic and other locations characterized by low ambient temperatures and the presence or possibility of sea ice, icebergs, icing conditions, persistent snow cover and/or permafrost.
This document contains requirements for the design, operation, maintenance, and service-life inspection or repair of new installations and structures, and to modification of existing installations for operation in the offshore Arctic and cold regions, where ice can be present for at least a portion of the year. This includes offshore exploration, production and accommodation units utilized for such activities. To a limited extent, this document also addresses the vessels that support ER, if part of the overall EER plan.
While this document does not apply specifically to mobile offshore drilling units (MODUs, see ISO 19905‑1) many of the EER provisions contained herein are applicable to the assessment of such units in situations when the MODU is operated in arctic and cold regions.
The provisions of this document are intended to be used by stakeholders including designers, operators and duty holders. In some cases, floating platforms (as a type of offshore installations) can be classified as vessels (ships) by national law and the EER for these units are stipulated by international maritime law. However, many of the EER provisions contained in this document are applicable to such floating platforms.
This document applies to mechanical, process and electrical equipment or any specialized process equipment associated with offshore arctic and cold region operations that impacts the performance of the EER system. This includes periodic training and drills, EER system maintenance and precautionary down-manning as well as emergency situations.
EER associated with onshore arctic oil and gas facilities are not addressed in this document, except where relevant to an offshore development.

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This document defines terms and describes classifications related to biogas production by anaerobic digestion, gasification from biomass and power to gas from biomass sources, biogas conditioning, biogas upgrading and biogas utilization from a safety, environmental, performance and functionality perspective, during the design, manufacturing, installation, construction, testing, commissioning, acceptance, operation, regular inspection and maintenance phases.
Biogas installations are, among others, applied at industrial plants like food and beverage industries, waste water treatment plants, waste plants, landfill sites, small scale plants next to agricultural companies and small scale household installations.
The following topics are excluded from this document:
—   boilers, burners, furnaces and lightening, in case these are not specifically applied for locally produced biogas;
—   gas-fuelled engines for vehicles and ships;
—   the public gas grid;
—   specifications to determine biomethane quality;
—   transportation of compressed or liquefied biogas;
—   transportation of biomass or digestate;
—   assessment and determination whether biomass is sourced sustainably or not.
This document describes the following for information purposes as well:
—   the parameters to determine the size (e.g. small, medium-sized, or large scale);
—   the parameters to determine the type of installation (e.g. domestic, industrial);
—   the parameters to describe the type of technique;
—   terms and processes in order to develop health, safety and environmental protection guidelines for biogas installations.
NOTE   For an explanation of the Scope, see Annex A.

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This document specifies requirements for and gives guidance on the application of life cycle costing to create value for the development activities and operations associated with drilling, exploitation, processing and transport of petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas resources. This document covers facilities and associated activities within different business categories (upstream, midstream, downstream and petrochemical).
The life cycle costing process as described in this document is applicable when making decisions between competing options that are differentiated by cost and/or economic value. This document is not concerned with decision-making related to the economic performance of individual options or options differentiated by factors other than cost or economic value.
Guidance is provided on the management methodology and application of life cycle costing in support of decision-making across life cycle phases. The extent of planning and management depends on the magnitude of the costs involved, the potential value that can be created and the life cycle phase. It also provides the means of identifying cost drivers and provides a cost-control framework for these cost drivers, allowing effective cost control and optimization over the entire life of an asset.

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This document provides requirements and guidance for reporting of production performance data and production loss data in the operating phase by use of production loss categorization. It supplements the principles of ISO 20815:2018, Clause E.3 and Annex G by providing additional details. This document focusses on installations and asset elements within the upstream business category. Business categories and associated installations and plants/units, systems and equipment classes are used in line with ISO 14224:2016, Annex A. The production loss categories given in Annex A are given at a high taxonomic level and supplements the reporting of failure and maintenance parameters as defined in ISO 14224:2016, Annex B.

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This document establishes the principles, specifies the requirements and provides guidance for ice management (IM) in arctic and cold regions, from the point of view of planning, engineering, implementation and documentation. Reference to arctic and cold regions in this document is deemed to include both the Arctic and other regions characterized by low ambient temperatures, sea ice, icebergs and icing conditions. These regions are often remote and lacking in marine and communications infrastructure.
Ice management to support the following in-ice activities and infrastructures are covered by this document:
—          floating moored and/or dynamically positioned drilling vessels, coring vessels, production facilities and work-over vessels;
—          construction and installation (includes trenching, dredging, pipe laying);
—          tanker loading and other offloading operations;
—          protecting subsea structures and equipment;
—          seismic operations;
—          oil spill response;
—          bottom founded structures (fixed platforms and movable structures, including jack-ups).
This document also applies to mobilization, demobilization and construction support services, because these can be affected by ice conditions.
In view of the wide range of possible offshore operations in arctic and cold regions, this document provides guidelines, but does not present typical ice management plans for field operations.
This document does not provide requirements, recommendations or guidance pertaining to the design of structures, systems and components used in ice management, beyond the principles given. This document does not provide specific formulations for ice loads, which are covered by ISO 19906.
This document is not applicable to coastal port operations and to commercial trading vessels conducting transit or convoy operations.

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This document specifies requirements for and gives guidance on the application of life cycle costing
to create value for the development activities and operations associated with drilling, exploitation,
processing and transport of petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas resources. This document
covers facilities and associated activities within different business categories (upstream, midstream,
downstream and petrochemical).
The life cycle costing process as described in this document is applicable when making decisions
between competing options that are differentiated by cost and/or economic value. This document is not
concerned with decision-making related to the economic performance of individual options or options
differentiated by factors other than cost or economic value.
Guidance is provided on the management methodology and application of life cycle costing in support
of decision-making across life cycle phases. The extent of planning and management depends on the
magnitude of the costs involved, the potential value that can be created and the life cycle phase. It also
provides the means of identifying cost drivers and provides a cost-control framework for these cost
drivers, allowing effective cost control and optimization over the entire life of an asset.

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This document specifies requirements for and gives guidance on the application of life cycle costing to create value for the development activities and operations associated with drilling, exploitation, processing and transport of petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas resources. This document covers facilities and associated activities within different business categories (upstream, midstream, downstream and petrochemical). The life cycle costing process as described in this document is applicable when making decisions between competing options that are differentiated by cost and/or economic value. This document is not concerned with decision-making related to the economic performance of individual options or options differentiated by factors other than cost or economic value. Guidance is provided on the management methodology and application of life cycle costing in support of decision-making across life cycle phases. The extent of planning and management depends on the magnitude of the costs involved, the potential value that can be created and the life cycle phase. It also provides the means of identifying cost drivers and provides a cost-control framework for these cost drivers, allowing effective cost control and optimization over the entire life of an asset.

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This document defines quality management system requirements for product and service supply organizations to the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.
This document is written as a supplement to ISO 9001:2015. The supplementary requirements and guidance to ISO 9001:2015 have been developed to manage supply chain risks and opportunities associated with the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries and to provide a framework for aligning requirements with complementary standards employed within the industries.

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This document establishes the principles, specifies the requirements and provides guidance for ice management (IM) in arctic and cold regions, from the point of view of planning, engineering, implementation and documentation. Reference to arctic and cold regions in this document is deemed to include both the Arctic and other regions characterized by low ambient temperatures, sea ice, icebergs and icing conditions. These regions are often remote and lacking in marine and communications infrastructure.
Ice management to support the following in-ice activities and infrastructures are covered by this document:
— floating moored and/or dynamically positioned drilling vessels, coring vessels, production facilities and work-over vessels;
— construction and installation (includes trenching, dredging, pipe laying);
— tanker loading and other offloading operations;
— protecting subsea structures and equipment;
— seismic operations;
— oil spill response;
— bottom founded structures (fixed platforms and movable structures, including jack-ups).
This document also applies to mobilization, demobilization and construction support services, because these can be affected by ice conditions.
In view of the wide range of possible offshore operations in arctic and cold regions, this document provides guidelines, but does not present typical ice management plans for field operations.
This document does not provide requirements, recommendations or guidance pertaining to the design of structures, systems and components used in ice management, beyond the principles given. This document does not provide specific formulations for ice loads, which are covered by ISO 19906.
This document is not applicable to coastal port operations and to commercial trading vessels conducting transit or convoy operations.

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This document defines quality management system requirements for product and service supply
organizations to the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.
This document is written as a supplement to ISO 9001:2015. The supplementary requirements and
guidance to ISO 9001:2015 have been developed to manage supply chain risks and opportunities
associated with the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries and to provide a framework
for aligning requirements with complementary standards employed within the industries.

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This document defines quality management system requirements for product and service supply organizations to the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. This document is written as a supplement to ISO 9001:2015. The supplementary requirements and guidance to ISO 9001:2015 have been developed to manage supply chain risks and opportunities associated with the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries and to provide a framework for aligning requirements with complementary standards employed within the industries.

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ISO 35101:2017 describes the working environment that can be expected when operating oil and gas facilities in Arctic environments/climate. ISO 35101:2017 provides principles and generic guidelines for the design and operation of fixed and floating oil and gas facilities both onshore and offshore.
The aim of ISO 35101:2017 is to ensure optimal health, safety, human performance and decision-making conditions for people working on oil and gas facilities in Arctic conditions.
ISO 35101:2017 applies to the design and operation of new facilities and structures, and to modification of existing facilities for operation in the Arctic environment. This also includes offshore and onshore exploration and accommodation units for such activities.
ISO 35101:2017 is divided into three main parts.
-      The first part (Clause 5) describes the general principles and guidelines for risk management.
-      The second part (Clause 6) describes the general working environment (working environment hazards found in many workplaces and provides some threshold limit values (TLVs) and design references that can be especially challenging in Arctic conditions.
-      The third part (Clause 7 to Clause 9) addresses the climatic conditions expected in the Arctic. Clause 8 describes working environment design and technical solutions, while Clause 9 describes working environment operational requirements for prevention and management of cold-related problems.

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ISO 35106:2017 specifies requirements and provides recommendations and guidance for the collection, analysis and presentation of relevant physical environmental data for activities of the petroleum and natural gas industries in arctic and cold regions. Activities include design and operations, which involve planning and actual execution.
Reference to arctic and cold regions in this document is deemed to include both the Arctic and other locations characterized by low ambient temperatures and the presence or possibility of sea ice, icebergs, shelf ice, glaciers, icing conditions, persistent snow cover, frozen surfaces of lakes and rivers, localized and rapidly changing weather systems and/or permafrost.
ISO 35106:2017 outlines requirements for a range of different operations that have been or are presently being undertaken and for existing design concepts. This document can also be used for other operations and new design concepts in arctic and cold regions as long as it is recognized that all data requirements are not necessarily addressed.

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This document provides procedures for testing well cements and cement blends for use in the petroleum and natural gas industries in a deepwater environment, or areas with a low seafloor temperature, or areas where low well temperatures exist.
This document supplements API RP 10B-3, 2nd edition (2016), the requirements of which are applicable with the exceptions specified in this document.
This document excludes the mitigation of shallow water flow in deepwater wells.
NOTE       This is addressed in API RP 65.

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ISO 35103:2017 gives requirements, specifications and guidelines to ensure that environmental monitoring in the offshore Arctic region is fit for purpose. The Arctic region includes the territory lying to the North of the Arctic Circle (Latitude 66°33′45.8″). This document can be applied to sub-Arctic locations which experience Arctic-like conditions and contain relevant components of a cold-climate ecosystem.
ISO 35103:2017 is applicable to all Arctic oil and gas operations from licence block acquisition through exploration, engineering design, construction, commissioning, operation, decommissioning and restoration. It covers the offshore or maritime environment, including for the purposes of this document, the fully marine and estuarine waters of the Arctic, whether frozen or ice-free. The environment includes all relevant physical, chemical and biological components. Monitoring methods for onshore (terrestrial) environments are not covered in this document, although onshore environments are included where monitoring is required at onshore locations in relation to an offshore development.
ISO 35103:2017 covers both monitoring of environmental aspects for normal, abnormal and emergency conditions, and monitoring of environmental impacts. It includes monitoring in near-field, far-field, transboundary and regional scales, but does not include global environmental monitoring.

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This document specifies requirements and gives recommendations on the management of geohazard risks during the pipeline design, construction and operational periods.
This document is applicable to all operators and pipelines (existing and proposed/under construction).
This document applies to onshore gathering and transmission pipelines used in the petroleum and natural gas industries.
NOTE       This document is not applicable to piping and pipelines within well-defined plants and facilities, such as pump or compressor stations, processing facilities or refineries. It is assumed that the facility site as a whole will be subject to a separate geohazard assessment to evaluate applicable natural and man-made hazards. Nevertheless, this document can provide useful guidance for assessing the geohazard threat to facilities, including the pipelines within the facility.
This document is applicable to all reasonable and credible natural hazards induced by natural forces and hazards induced by human activity that manifest similarly to natural hazards collectively referred to as "geological hazards" or "geohazards", or through industry as attributed to "natural forces". Geohazards covered by this document include, but are not limited to (not given in order of significance):
—          mass wasting processes, including landslides, lateral spreads, rockfalls, debris flows, avalanches, and similar processes whether naturally occurring or anthropogenic;
—          land subsidence and/or sinkhole formation, whether naturally occurring such as from dissolution of salt or carbonate rock formations (karst formation) or human caused, such as from underground mining or withdrawal of subsurface fluids such as groundwater and oil and gas;
—          seismic hazards, such as ground shaking, fault rupture, liquefaction, flow failures and lateral spreading or associated secondary effects, such as seismically triggered landslides;
—          volcanic hazards, such as lahars, pyroclastic flows, lava flows, dam break, and volcanically induced seismicity (excluding ashfall), where such hazards can be reasonably predicted;
—          hydrologic processes, such as flooding, vertical scour of river bottoms, channel migration and bank erosion, channel avulsion, rapid lake drainage;
—          permafrost/periglacial processes and geothermal effects, such as thermal degradation, frost heave or thaw settlement, thermal erosion, thermokarst;
—          surface (overland), trench backfill, or earthwork fill erosion;
—          expansion or collapsing processes caused by expansive and collapsible soils, such as glaciomarine clays, collapsible loess, etc.
This document is not applicable to atmospheric/environmental effects, such as the following:
—          high winds induced from hurricanes and tornadoes and similar storms, except where such events are reasonably predictable and will induce geohazards such as landslides, erosion, etc.;
—          lightning;
—          forest or brush fires;
—          ashfall from volcanic eruptions.
Furthermore, this document is not applicable to cascading events, where one remote event leads to a chain of events that eventually induces a geohazard near the pipeline. It is only applicable to geohazards that directly affect the pipeline or RoW.

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This document establishes the principles, specifies the requirements and provides guidance for the development and implementation of an escape, evacuation and rescue (EER) plan. It is applicable to offshore installation design, construction, transportation, installation, offshore production/exploration drilling operation service life inspection/repair, decommissioning and removal activities related to petroleum and natural gas industries in the arctic and cold regions. Reference to arctic and cold regions in this document is deemed to include both the Arctic and other locations characterized by low ambient temperatures and the presence or possibility of sea ice, icebergs, icing conditions, persistent snow cover and/or permafrost. This document contains requirements for the design, operation, maintenance, and service-life inspection or repair of new installations and structures, and to modification of existing installations for operation in the offshore Arctic and cold regions, where ice can be present for at least a portion of the year. This includes offshore exploration, production and accommodation units utilized for such activities. To a limited extent, this document also addresses the vessels that support ER, if part of the overall EER plan. While this document does not apply specifically to mobile offshore drilling units (MODUs, see ISO 19905‑1) many of the EER provisions contained herein are applicable to the assessment of such units in situations when the MODU is operated in arctic and cold regions. The provisions of this document are intended to be used by stakeholders including designers, operators and duty holders. In some cases, floating platforms (as a type of offshore installations) can be classified as vessels (ships) by national law and the EER for these units are stipulated by international maritime law. However, many of the EER provisions contained in this document are applicable to such floating platforms. This document applies to mechanical, process and electrical equipment or any specialized process equipment associated with offshore arctic and cold region operations that impacts the performance of the EER system. This includes periodic training and drills, EER system maintenance and precautionary down-manning as well as emergency situations. EER associated with onshore arctic oil and gas facilities are not addressed in this document, except where relevant to an offshore development.

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This document defines the principles and methods for conformance testing of software implementations of ISO 15926. It provides guidance for developing test cases and testing procedures that cover the requirements specified in the ISO 15926 series and in different industry usage contexts, e.g. data exchange, use of reference data libraries and interface services. This document provides guidance in addition to the conformance in the parts. NOTE 1 Guidance on conformance ISO 15926 testing of complex scenarios which represent integrated interoperability is outside the scope of this document. NOTE 2 Guidance on the development of software that supports the way of file exchange in the simple scenario which represents unified interoperability is outside the scope of this document.

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This document provides recommendations for material selection, manufacturing and fabrication requirements, testing and qualification of steel structures and components for offshore and onshore petroleum and natural gas facilities operating in Arctic and cold environments. This document is intended to be used as a supplement to existing standards for steel structures where the particular operating conditions in Arctic regions are not sufficiently addressed. This document gives particular requirements to ensure safe operation with respect to the risk of brittle fracture at low temperatures. These requirements will affect the selection of material grade and design class as well as the technical delivery conditions for steel. They will also affect the fabrication requirements as well as testing and qualification requirements. This document also gives recommendations: - to mitigate the operational and integrity aspects related to snow and ice accretion on topside structures; - to take into account the particular Arctic operating conditions in corrosion assessments and requirements for corrosion protection systems; - for particular operational requirements to ensure safe operation in Arctic regions. The requirements in this document are applicable to any operating temperatures, but particular requirements related to de-rating (loss of strength) at high temperatures are not addressed. Limitations to the applicable minimum design temperature caused by the capability of the materials’ low temperature performance can exist, but are not a limitation for the scope of this document. As a practical guideline for the use of this document, low temperature is defined as lowest anticipated service temperature (LAST) below -10 °C.

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ISO 35101:2017 describes the working environment that can be expected when operating oil and gas facilities in Arctic environments/climate. ISO 35101:2017 provides principles and generic guidelines for the design and operation of fixed and floating oil and gas facilities both onshore and offshore.
The aim of ISO 35101:2017 is to ensure optimal health, safety, human performance and decision-making conditions for people working on oil and gas facilities in Arctic conditions.
ISO 35101:2017 applies to the design and operation of new facilities and structures, and to modification of existing facilities for operation in the Arctic environment. This also includes offshore and onshore exploration and accommodation units for such activities.
ISO 35101:2017 is divided into three main parts.
- The first part (Clause 5) describes the general principles and guidelines for risk management.
- The second part (Clause 6) describes the general working environment (working environment hazards found in many workplaces and provides some threshold limit values (TLVs) and design references that can be especially challenging in Arctic conditions.
- The third part (Clause 7 to Clause 9) addresses the climatic conditions expected in the Arctic. Clause 8 describes working environment design and technical solutions, while Clause 9 describes working environment operational requirements for prevention and management of cold-related problems.

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ISO 35106:2017 specifies requirements and provides recommendations and guidance for the collection, analysis and presentation of relevant physical environmental data for activities of the petroleum and natural gas industries in arctic and cold regions. Activities include design and operations, which involve planning and actual execution.
Reference to arctic and cold regions in this document is deemed to include both the Arctic and other locations characterized by low ambient temperatures and the presence or possibility of sea ice, icebergs, shelf ice, glaciers, icing conditions, persistent snow cover, frozen surfaces of lakes and rivers, localized and rapidly changing weather systems and/or permafrost.
ISO 35106:2017 outlines requirements for a range of different operations that have been or are presently being undertaken and for existing design concepts. This document can also be used for other operations and new design concepts in arctic and cold regions as long as it is recognized that all data requirements are not necessarily addressed.

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ISO/TS 35105:2018 provides recommendations for material selection, manufacturing and fabrication requirements, testing and qualification of steel structures and components for offshore and onshore petroleum and natural gas facilities operating in Arctic and cold environments.
ISO/TS 35105:2018 is intended to be used as a supplement to existing standards for steel structures where the particular operating conditions in Arctic regions are not sufficiently addressed.
ISO/TS 35105:2018 gives particular requirements to ensure safe operation with respect to the risk of brittle fracture at low temperatures. These requirements will affect the selection of material grade and design class as well as the technical delivery conditions for steel. They will also affect the fabrication requirements as well as testing and qualification requirements.
ISO/TS 35105:2018 also gives recommendations:
-      to mitigate the operational and integrity aspects related to snow and ice accretion on topside structures;
-      to take into account the particular Arctic operating conditions in corrosion assessments and requirements for corrosion protection systems;
-      for particular operational requirements to ensure safe operation in Arctic regions.
The requirements in this document are applicable to any operating temperatures, but particular requirements related to de-rating (loss of strength) at high temperatures are not addressed. Limitations to the applicable minimum design temperature caused by the capability of the materials' low temperature performance can exist, but are not a limitation for the scope of this document.
As a practical guideline for the use of this document, low temperature is defined as lowest anticipated service temperature (LAST) below ?10 °C.
NOTE       For determination of LAST, see 6.3.2.

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This document specifies the initial set of core reference data items which can be used to record information about process plants, including oil and gas production facilities. The following are within the scope of this document: — core classes for process plants, including oil and gas production facilities; NOTE 1 Reference data items can be core classes, de facto classes, commodity classes and manufactured product classes. Reference data items can also be standard classes or proprietary classes. The terms for the different types of class are defined in 3.1. A discussion about the different types of classes is contained in Annex D. NOTE 2 A core class defined by this document can be used by ISO 15926-2, ISO/TS 15926-7, ISO/TS 15926-8, ISO/TS 15926-11, ISO/TS 15926-12, ISO 15926-13 and ISO 10303-221. — the unique name for each reference data item; — the definition of each reference data item; — subclass and classification relationships between reference data items; — the entity within ISO 15926-2 that can be used to record each reference data item. NOTE 3 Each reference data item that is a class is directly or indirectly a subclass of an entity in ISO 15926-2. The following are outside the scope of this document: — data requirements for additional reference data items; — the procedures to be followed for registration and maintenance of additional reference data items.

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ISO 35103:2017 gives requirements, specifications and guidelines to ensure that environmental monitoring in the offshore Arctic region is fit for purpose. The Arctic region includes the territory lying to the North of the Arctic Circle (Latitude 66°33′45.8″). This document can be applied to sub-Arctic locations which experience Arctic-like conditions and contain relevant components of a cold-climate ecosystem.
ISO 35103:2017 is applicable to all Arctic oil and gas operations from licence block acquisition through exploration, engineering design, construction, commissioning, operation, decommissioning and restoration. It covers the offshore or maritime environment, including for the purposes of this document, the fully marine and estuarine waters of the Arctic, whether frozen or ice-free. The environment includes all relevant physical, chemical and biological components. Monitoring methods for onshore (terrestrial) environments are not covered in this document, although onshore environments are included where monitoring is required at onshore locations in relation to an offshore development.
ISO 35103:2017 covers both monitoring of environmental aspects for normal, abnormal and emergency conditions, and monitoring of environmental impacts. It includes monitoring in near-field, far-field, transboundary and regional scales, but does not include global environmental monitoring.

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This document provides procedures for testing well cements and cement blends for use in the petroleum and natural gas industries in a deepwater environment, or areas with a low seafloor temperature, or areas where low well temperatures exist. This document supplements API RP 10B-3, 2nd edition (2016), the requirements of which are applicable with the exceptions specified in this document. This document excludes the mitigation of shallow water flow in deepwater wells. NOTE This is addressed in API RP 65.

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This document specifies requirements and gives recommendations on the management of geohazard risks during the pipeline design, construction and operational periods. This document is applicable to all operators and pipelines (existing and proposed/under construction). This document applies to onshore gathering and transmission pipelines used in the petroleum and natural gas industries. NOTE This document is not applicable to piping and pipelines within well-defined plants and facilities, such as pump or compressor stations, processing facilities or refineries. It is assumed that the facility site as a whole will be subject to a separate geohazard assessment to evaluate applicable natural and man-made hazards. Nevertheless, this document can provide useful guidance for assessing the geohazard threat to facilities, including the pipelines within the facility. This document is applicable to all reasonable and credible natural hazards induced by natural forces and hazards induced by human activity that manifest similarly to natural hazards collectively referred to as "geological hazards" or "geohazards", or through industry as attributed to "natural forces". Geohazards covered by this document include, but are not limited to (not given in order of significance): — mass wasting processes, including landslides, lateral spreads, rockfalls, debris flows, avalanches, and similar processes whether naturally occurring or anthropogenic; — land subsidence and/or sinkhole formation, whether naturally occurring such as from dissolution of salt or carbonate rock formations (karst formation) or human caused, such as from underground mining or withdrawal of subsurface fluids such as groundwater and oil and gas; — seismic hazards, such as ground shaking, fault rupture, liquefaction, flow failures and lateral spreading or associated secondary effects, such as seismically triggered landslides; — volcanic hazards, such as lahars, pyroclastic flows, lava flows, dam break, and volcanically induced seismicity (excluding ashfall), where such hazards can be reasonably predicted; — hydrologic processes, such as flooding, vertical scour of river bottoms, channel migration and bank erosion, channel avulsion, rapid lake drainage; — permafrost/periglacial processes and geothermal effects, such as thermal degradation, frost heave or thaw settlement, thermal erosion, thermokarst; — surface (overland), trench backfill, or earthwork fill erosion; — expansion or collapsing processes caused by expansive and collapsible soils, such as glaciomarine clays, collapsible loess, etc. This document is not applicable to atmospheric/environmental effects, such as the following: — high winds induced from hurricanes and tornadoes and similar storms, except where such events are reasonably predictable and will induce geohazards such as landslides, erosion, etc.; — lightning; — forest or brush fires; — ashfall from volcanic eruptions. Furthermore, this document is not applicable to cascading events, where one remote event leads to a chain of events that eventually induces a geohazard near the pipeline. It is only applicable to geohazards that directly affect the pipeline or RoW.

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This document provides requirements, specifications and guidance for an architecture of a supplier-neutral industrial digital ecosystem. It includes a standardized connectivity and services architecture, and a standardized use case architecture with methods to specify atomically re-usable scenarios and events, which can be used to specify the characteristics of standardized industry use cases. NOTE 1 Examples of standard industry use cases included in the secondary business process are included in Annex A along with standardized use case architecture. This document gives: — guidance for an architecture applicable to the oil and gas, petrochemical, power generation, public utilities and other asset-intensive industries; — requirements for interoperability among systems of systems, systems (including hardware and software) and components included in the secondary business process of a plant, platform or facility at any given time; — guidance on how these interoperability requirements are to be achieved and sustained in support of operations in the same plant, platform or facility; — specifications enabling the specialization of a digital ecosystem concept for the requirements of the secondary business process in included industries; — guidance to industry participants, including owner/operators and their product and services suppliers, to support their secondary business process requirements using products, which interoperate based on the specifications included in this document. NOTE 2 This document is focused on interoperability requirements for systems which play roles in the secondary business process, including those in domains identified in Figure 7.

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This document establishes a procedure for verifying that the manufacturer of special materials for the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries has sufficient competence and experience of the relevant material grades of metal, and the necessary facilities and equipment, to manufacture these materials in the required shapes and sizes with acceptable properties according to the applicable standard, material specification and/or material data sheet specified by the purchaser.
This document is applicable to manufacturers of various materials, product forms and manufacturing processes when specified by the purchaser. This document has been established considering especially, but not exclusively:
a)    duplex stainless steel;
b)    high alloyed austenitic stainless steel;
c)    nickel-based alloys;
d)    titanium and its alloys.
This document is also applicable to the processes of induction bending and strain-hardened products.

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This document describes the concept of production assurance within the systems and operations
associated with exploration drilling, exploitation, processing and transport of petroleum, petrochemical
and natural gas resources. This document covers upstream (including subsea), midstream and
downstream facilities, petrochemical and associated activities. It focuses on production assurance of
oil and gas production, processing and associated activities and covers the analysis of reliability and
maintenance of the components. This includes a variety of business categories and associated systems/
equipment in the oil and gas value chain. Production assurance addresses not only hydrocarbon
production, but also associated activities such as drilling, pipeline installation and subsea intervention.
This document provides processes and activities, requirements and guidelines for systematic
management, effective planning, execution and use of production assurance and reliability technology.
This is to achieve cost-effective solutions over the life cycle of an asset development project structured
around the following main elements:
— production assurance management for optimum economy of the facility through all of its life cycle
phases, while also considering constraints arising from health, safety, environment, and quality;
— planning, execution and implementation of reliability technology;
— application of reliability and maintenance data;
— reliability-based technology development, design and operational improvement.
The IEC 60300-3 series addresses equipment reliability and maintenance performance in general.
This document designates 12 processes, of which seven are defined as core production assurance
processes and addressed in this document. The remaining five processes are denoted as interacting
processes and are outside the scope of this document. The interaction of the core production assurance
processes with these interacting processes, however, is within the scope of this document as the
information flow to and from these latter processes is required to ensure that production assurance
requirements can be fulfilled.
The only requirement mandated by this document is the establishment and execution of the production
assurance programme (PAP). It is important to reflect the PAP in the overall project management in the
project for which it applies.
This document recommends that the listed processes and activities be initiated only if they can be
considered to add value.

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This document establishes the principles, specifies the requirements and provides guidance for ice management (IM) in arctic and cold regions, from the point of view of planning, engineering, implementation and documentation. Reference to arctic and cold regions in this document is deemed to include both the Arctic and other regions characterized by low ambient temperatures, sea ice, icebergs and icing conditions. These regions are often remote and lacking in marine and communications infrastructure. Ice management to support the following in-ice activities and infrastructures are covered by this document: — floating moored and/or dynamically positioned drilling vessels, coring vessels, production facilities and work-over vessels; — construction and installation (includes trenching, dredging, pipe laying); — tanker loading and other offloading operations; — protecting subsea structures and equipment; — seismic operations; — oil spill response; — bottom founded structures (fixed platforms and movable structures, including jack-ups). This document also applies to mobilization, demobilization and construction support services, because these can be affected by ice conditions. In view of the wide range of possible offshore operations in arctic and cold regions, this document provides guidelines, but does not present typical ice management plans for field operations. This document does not provide requirements, recommendations or guidance pertaining to the design of structures, systems and components used in ice management, beyond the principles given. This document does not provide specific formulations for ice loads, which are covered by ISO 19906. This document is not applicable to coastal port operations and to commercial trading vessels conducting transit or convoy operations.

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This document establishes a procedure for verifying that the manufacturer of special materials for the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries has sufficient competence and experience of the relevant material grades of metal, and the necessary facilities and equipment, to manufacture these materials in the required shapes and sizes with acceptable properties according to the applicable standard, material specification and/or material data sheet specified by the purchaser. This document is applicable to manufacturers of various materials, product forms and manufacturing processes when specified by the purchaser. This document has been established considering especially, but not exclusively: a) duplex stainless steel; b) high alloyed austenitic stainless steel; c) nickel-based alloys; d) titanium and its alloys. This document is also applicable to the processes of induction bending and strain-hardened products.

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ISO 19008:2016 describes the standard cost coding system (SCCS) that classifies costs and quantities related to exploration, development, operation and removal of oil and gas production and processing facilities and to the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industry. Upstream, midstream, downstream and petrochemical business categories are included.
The SCCS for coding of costs is applicable to:
-      cost estimating;
-      actual cost monitoring and reporting;
-      collection of final quantities and cost data;
-      standardized exchange of cost data among organizations;
-      implementation in cost systems.
ISO 19008:2016 is intended for users such as the following:
a)    owner/operator/company (individual or grouped entity that is entitled or contributes to operations in the exploitation of oil and gas fields);
b)    industry/trade associations;
c)    manufacturers/contractors;
d)    cost engineering service contractors, cost system providers, benchmarking providers, etc.;
e)    authorities/regulatory bodies.
ISO 19008:2016 does not apply to the following:
1)    cost classification relevant to cost accounting rules, specific contractual agreements, local requirements for cost reporting to national bodies, government rules and tax regulations, authorization for expenditure (AFE), billing purposes etc.;
2)    specific project breakdown structures (e.g. work breakdown structures, contract breakdown structures, organizational breakdown structure) or asset breakdowns (e.g. TAG/system codes, area/module breakdown structure) which are and will remain unique.
However, this International Standard can provide a basis for the establishment of such specific classification systems.

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ISO/TS 15926-12:2018 specifies an ontology for the integration of industrial data throughout its life-cycle. The ontology is represented in Web Ontology Language (OWL). The following are within the scope of ISO/TS 15926-12:2018: · fundamental subclasses of an individual that exists in an actual or possible world, including physical object, activity and event; · relationships between physical objects, activities and events, including the creation and destruction of physical objects; · whole-part relationships between physical objects, including temporal part relationships that implement a 4-dimensional (4D) approach to change over time; · points and periods in time; · points and regions in space; · the identification of points in time by text strings in the format defined by ISO 8601. The following are outside the scope of ISO/TS 15926-12:2018: · definitions of physical quantities and measurement scales; · knowledge organization and document metadata specifications; · approval and status; · geometry and topology, including shape.

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ISO 15926-13:2018 specifies an ontology for asset planning for process plants, including oil and gas production facilities. In addition, it specifies an XML schema, derived from the ontology, for exchange of data used for asset planning. The following are within the scope of ISO 15926-13:2018: · portfolio, programme and project plans and schedules; · operational modification and ongoing maintenance plans and schedules; · calendars for plan execution; · constraints on the temporal relationships between items within plans and schedules, including succession link, lag, free and total float; · activity breakdown structures; · locations of activities; · resources required, including material, equipment and human resources, and their costs; · interfaces to systems that process work orders and purchase orders; · responsible organizations and people; · progress tracking and resource usage; · reference to standard classes of facility, activity and resource. The following are outside the scope of ISO 15926-13:2018: · standard classes of facility, activity and resource; · production planning; · plan simulation and optimization; · hazard identification and risk analysis; · manning and training of personnel; · budgeting and cost allocation.

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ISO/TS 35105:2018 provides recommendations for material selection, manufacturing and fabrication requirements, testing and qualification of steel structures and components for offshore and onshore petroleum and natural gas facilities operating in Arctic and cold environments. ISO/TS 35105:2018 is intended to be used as a supplement to existing standards for steel structures where the particular operating conditions in Arctic regions are not sufficiently addressed. ISO/TS 35105:2018 gives particular requirements to ensure safe operation with respect to the risk of brittle fracture at low temperatures. These requirements will affect the selection of material grade and design class as well as the technical delivery conditions for steel. They will also affect the fabrication requirements as well as testing and qualification requirements. ISO/TS 35105:2018 also gives recommendations: - to mitigate the operational and integrity aspects related to snow and ice accretion on topside structures; - to take into account the particular Arctic operating conditions in corrosion assessments and requirements for corrosion protection systems; - for particular operational requirements to ensure safe operation in Arctic regions. The requirements in this document are applicable to any operating temperatures, but particular requirements related to de-rating (loss of strength) at high temperatures are not addressed. Limitations to the applicable minimum design temperature caused by the capability of the materials' low temperature performance can exist, but are not a limitation for the scope of this document. As a practical guideline for the use of this document, low temperature is defined as lowest anticipated service temperature (LAST) below ?10 °C. NOTE For determination of LAST, see 6.3.2.

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ISO 19008:2016 describes the standard cost coding system (SCCS) that classifies costs and quantities related to exploration, development, operation and removal of oil and gas production and processing facilities and to the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industry. Upstream, midstream, downstream and petrochemical business categories are included.
The SCCS for coding of costs is applicable to:
- cost estimating;
- actual cost monitoring and reporting;
- collection of final quantities and cost data;
- standardized exchange of cost data among organizations;
- implementation in cost systems.
ISO 19008:2016 is intended for users such as the following:
a) owner/operator/company (individual or grouped entity that is entitled or contributes to operations in the exploitation of oil and gas fields);
b) industry/trade associations;
c) manufacturers/contractors;
d) cost engineering service contractors, cost system providers, benchmarking providers, etc.;
e) authorities/regulatory bodies.
ISO 19008:2016 does not apply to the following:
1) cost classification relevant to cost accounting rules, specific contractual agreements, local requirements for cost reporting to national bodies, government rules and tax regulations, authorization for expenditure (AFE), billing purposes etc.;
2) specific project breakdown structures (e.g. work breakdown structures, contract breakdown structures, organizational breakdown structure) or asset breakdowns (e.g. TAG/system codes, area/module breakdown structure) which are and will remain unique.
However, this International Standard can provide a basis for the establishment of such specific classification systems.

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ISO 20675:2018 defines terms and describes classifications related to biogas production by anaerobic digestion, gasification from biomass and power to gas from biomass sources, biogas conditioning, biogas upgrading and biogas utilization from a safety, environmental, performance and functionality perspective, during the design, manufacturing, installation, construction, testing, commissioning, acceptance, operation, regular inspection and maintenance phases. Biogas installations are, among others, applied at industrial plants like food and beverage industries, waste water treatment plants, waste plants, landfill sites, small scale plants next to agricultural companies and small scale household installations. The following topics are excluded from this document: - boilers, burners, furnaces and lightening, in case these are not specifically applied for locally produced biogas; - gas-fuelled engines for vehicles and ships; - the public gas grid; - specifications to determine biomethane quality; - transportation of compressed or liquefied biogas; - transportation of biomass or digestate; - assessment and determination whether biomass is sourced sustainably or not. ISO 20675:2018 describes the following for information purposes as well: - the parameters to determine the size (e.g. small, medium-sized, or large scale); - the parameters to determine the type of installation (e.g. domestic, industrial); - the parameters to describe the type of technique; - terms and processes in order to develop health, safety and environmental protection guidelines for biogas installations. NOTE For an explanation of the Scope, see Annex A.

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The purpose of ISO/TS 17969:2017 is to help members of the oil and gas industry develop, implement, maintain and improve their own competency management systems (CMS) for well operations personnel. ISO/TS 17969:2017 supports competency management general principles which can be applied to any operation within the industry.
The annexes to ISO/TS 17969:2017 list example competence profiles for personnel responsible for well integrity. Annex A includes an example worksheet which can be used in performing a competency assessment, to help record the assessment results versus expectation, as well as the resulting action plan to address any gaps identified.
ISO/TS 17969:2017 is applicable to all operators, service companies and drilling contractors working on wells and well operations.

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ISO 35106:2017 specifies requirements and provides recommendations and guidance for the collection, analysis and presentation of relevant physical environmental data for activities of the petroleum and natural gas industries in arctic and cold regions. Activities include design and operations, which involve planning and actual execution. Reference to arctic and cold regions in this document is deemed to include both the Arctic and other locations characterized by low ambient temperatures and the presence or possibility of sea ice, icebergs, shelf ice, glaciers, icing conditions, persistent snow cover, frozen surfaces of lakes and rivers, localized and rapidly changing weather systems and/or permafrost. ISO 35106:2017 outlines requirements for a range of different operations that have been or are presently being undertaken and for existing design concepts. This document can also be used for other operations and new design concepts in arctic and cold regions as long as it is recognized that all data requirements are not necessarily addressed.

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ISO 35103:2017 gives requirements, specifications and guidelines to ensure that environmental monitoring in the offshore Arctic region is fit for purpose. The Arctic region includes the territory lying to the North of the Arctic Circle (Latitude 66°33′45.8″). This document can be applied to sub-Arctic locations which experience Arctic-like conditions and contain relevant components of a cold-climate ecosystem. ISO 35103:2017 is applicable to all Arctic oil and gas operations from licence block acquisition through exploration, engineering design, construction, commissioning, operation, decommissioning and restoration. It covers the offshore or maritime environment, including for the purposes of this document, the fully marine and estuarine waters of the Arctic, whether frozen or ice-free. The environment includes all relevant physical, chemical and biological components. Monitoring methods for onshore (terrestrial) environments are not covered in this document, although onshore environments are included where monitoring is required at onshore locations in relation to an offshore development. ISO 35103:2017 covers both monitoring of environmental aspects for normal, abnormal and emergency conditions, and monitoring of environmental impacts. It includes monitoring in near-field, far-field, transboundary and regional scales, but does not include global environmental monitoring.

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ISO 35101:2017 describes the working environment that can be expected when operating oil and gas facilities in Arctic environments/climate. ISO 35101:2017 provides principles and generic guidelines for the design and operation of fixed and floating oil and gas facilities both onshore and offshore. The aim of ISO 35101:2017 is to ensure optimal health, safety, human performance and decision-making conditions for people working on oil and gas facilities in Arctic conditions. ISO 35101:2017 applies to the design and operation of new facilities and structures, and to modification of existing facilities for operation in the Arctic environment. This also includes offshore and onshore exploration and accommodation units for such activities. ISO 35101:2017 is divided into three main parts. - The first part (Clause 5) describes the general principles and guidelines for risk management. - The second part (Clause 6) describes the general working environment (working environment hazards found in many workplaces and provides some threshold limit values (TLVs) and design references that can be especially challenging in Arctic conditions. - The third part (Clause 7 to Clause 9) addresses the climatic conditions expected in the Arctic. Clause 8 describes working environment design and technical solutions, while Clause 9 describes working environment operational requirements for prevention and management of cold-related problems.

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ISO 17349:2016 contains provisions for design of topside facilities for offshore plants handling CO2-rich streams at high pressures; i.e. CO2 molar concentration above 10 %. The surface systems include usual offshore process unit operations, as shown in Figure 1.
ISO 17349:2016 is applicable only to topside facilities of fixed and floating oil and gas production offshore units up to the last barrier, such as an ESDV. Subsea production systems and Cryogenic CO2 separation are not covered.

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ISO 19008:2016 describes the standard cost coding system (SCCS) that classifies costs and quantities related to exploration, development, operation and removal of oil and gas production and processing facilities and to the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industry. Upstream, midstream, downstream and petrochemical business categories are included. The SCCS for coding of costs is applicable to: - cost estimating; - actual cost monitoring and reporting; - collection of final quantities and cost data; - standardized exchange of cost data among organizations; - implementation in cost systems. ISO 19008:2016 is intended for users such as the following: a) owner/operator/company (individual or grouped entity that is entitled or contributes to operations in the exploitation of oil and gas fields); b) industry/trade associations; c) manufacturers/contractors; d) cost engineering service contractors, cost system providers, benchmarking providers, etc.; e) authorities/regulatory bodies. ISO 19008:2016 does not apply to the following: 1) cost classification relevant to cost accounting rules, specific contractual agreements, local requirements for cost reporting to national bodies, government rules and tax regulations, authorization for expenditure (AFE), billing purposes etc.; 2) specific project breakdown structures (e.g. work breakdown structures, contract breakdown structures, organizational breakdown structure) or asset breakdowns (e.g. TAG/system codes, area/module breakdown structure) which are and will remain unique. However, this International Standard can provide a basis for the establishment of such specific classification systems.

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ISO 17349:2016 contains provisions for design of topside facilities for offshore plants handling CO2-rich streams at high pressures; i.e. CO2 molar concentration above 10 %. The surface systems include usual offshore process unit operations, as shown in Figure 1. ISO 17349:2016 is applicable only to topside facilities of fixed and floating oil and gas production offshore units up to the last barrier, such as an ESDV. Subsea production systems and Cryogenic CO2 separation are not covered.

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