This document specifies the basis of revising technical design documents.
This document is applicable to all technical design documents for railway applications, irrespective of the material form like transparency originals, plotter drawings, aperture cards, computer readable data media, photoprints etc.

  • Draft
    14 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This document specifies the preparation and reproduction of design parts lists.
This document defines the basic principles and structure of design parts lists.
This document is applicable to all design parts lists for railway applications.

  • Draft
    22 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This document specifies the preparation, administration, and reproduction of technical documents.
It complies with the requirements of EN, ISO or IEC Standards for technical documents.
This document is applicable to all to technical documents for railway applications, irrespective of technology i.e., mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, electric, electronic etc.

  • Draft
    23 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This document defines terms for brakes and braking in rolling stock.

  • Standard
    34 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    36 pages
    French language
    sale 15% off
  • Draft
    34 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Draft
    34 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Draft
    35 pages
    French language
    sale 15% off
  • Draft
    35 pages
    French language
    sale 15% off

This document specifies requirements for a quality management system when an organization: a) needs to demonstrate its ability to consistently provide products and services that meet customer and applicable statutory and regulatory requirements, and b) aims to enhance customer satisfaction through the effective application of the system, including processes for improvement of the system and the assurance of conformity to customer and applicable statutory and regulatory requirements. All the requirements of this document are generic and are intended to be applicable to any organization, regardless of its type or size, or the products and services it provides. NOTE 1 In this document, the terms “product” or “service” only apply to products and services intended for, or required by, a customer. NOTE 2 Statutory and regulatory requirements can be expressed as legal requirements. This document specifies the requirements for a railway quality management system (RQMS) — applicable throughout the whole supply chain of the railway sector related to industrial products and services, — providing continual improvement, emphasizing defect prevention and defect reduction in the supply chain, and — enhancing and sustaining product quality, including its safety aspects.

  • Standard
    76 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    80 pages
    French language
    sale 15% off
  • Draft
    78 pages
    French language
    sale 15% off

This European Standard specifies the data exchange of technical documents such as bill of material, technical drawings and other related technical documents for rolling stock.

  • Standard
    87 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Draft
    73 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Draft
    73 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This document specifies the data exchange of technical documents such as bill of material, technical drawings and other related technical documents for rolling stock.

  • Standard
    87 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Draft
    73 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Draft
    73 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This document provides additional information to assist the understanding and the use of ISO 20138-1. The calculations in this document follow the same principles but they are slightly different. This document contains country specific calculation approaches currently in use and represents the state of knowledge including for calculating: — stopping and slowing distances; — equivalent response time; — brake performance; — brake ratio.

  • Technical report
    24 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Draft
    24 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Draft
    24 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off

In order to create punctual timetables, it is necessary to accurately calculate and plan out many values, such as running time between stations, headway between trains, train scheduling, rolling stock scheduling, driver and crew scheduling, operation scheduling in stations and depots and capacity of the line/infrastructure. Among these values, shortest running time between stations must be calculated first, as this is the basis of timetabling. This document describes parameters as the requirements for shortest running time calculation that enable railway infrastructure managers, railway operators and related organizations to calculate accurate running time at the stage of setting up a feasible and punctual daily and annual timetable. In addition, this document shows the appropriateness of calculation by verifying the response observed on the calculated shortest running time when the parameter values are changed. This document excludes running time calculation used for purposes other than timetabling.

  • Standard
    21 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    21 pages
    French language
    sale 15% off

This document specifies requirements for railway driving simulators for drivers' training. It defines the minimum functions and performances for a driver training simulator. This document is applicable to all guided transport systems, including for mainlines, metros, tramways and light rails, as part of public/private transport systems. These vehicles are intended for the operation of intercity, urban and suburban passenger or freight services with self-propelled systems and operated on either segregated or not segregated paths. Annexes A to D provide additional information.

  • Standard
    32 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    33 pages
    French language
    sale 15% off

The aim of this document is to help CEN/CENELEC Working Group convenors and experts to promote/develop simulation in their standards as an alternative to physical tests on the real system for proving conformity. It can also provide useful guidance to assessors in the railway sector in approving simulations where they are not yet specifically defined or where physical tests on the real system are not defined in standards. Consequently, this document is also relevant to companies developing and applying simulations with the intention to achieve their acceptance for the purpose of system validation. It is not intended to provide technical guidance on applying simulations in general.
Where simulations are already introduced in existing standards, this guide is not intended to modify the specified requirements. However, technical harmonisation between standards might benefit from this guide for the introduction of additional alternative methods for simulations.
This document principally covers:
•   Numerical simulation, using complex methods or using simple spreadsheets methods
•   Hardware and software in the loop
•   Mathematical models solved using numerical methods or iteration, including spreadsheets.
It does not cover the following, although the general principles outlined can be applied to these methods:
•   Laboratory tests of components
•   Fatigue rig tests
•   Model scale tests
•   Mathematical models solved analytically.
NOTE: Due to the limited experience in the railway sector in the application of data-based (as opposed to model-based) simulations, for example using artificial intelligence (AI), neural networks, big data, etc., this approach is not further developed at this stage in this document.

  • Technical report
    20 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Draft
    19 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This document defines the quality classes of compressed air produced by air generation and treatment units (AGTUs) and/or used in pneumatic apparatus and systems of rail vehicles. This document is applicable to compressed AGTUs and also to all pneumatic equipment and systems of rail vehicles.

  • Standard
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    14 pages
    French language
    sale 15% off

The aim of this document is to help CEN/CENELEC Working Group convenors and experts to promote/develop simulation in their standards as an alternative to physical tests on the real system for proving conformity. It can also provide useful guidance to assessors in the railway sector in approving simulations where they are not yet specifically defined or where physical tests on the real system are not defined in standards. Consequently, this document is also relevant to companies developing and applying simulations with the intention to achieve their acceptance for the purpose of system validation. It is not intended to provide technical guidance on applying simulations in general.
Where simulations are already introduced in existing standards, this guide is not intended to modify the specified requirements. However, technical harmonisation between standards might benefit from this guide for the introduction of additional alternative methods for simulations.
This document principally covers:
•   Numerical simulation, using complex methods or using simple spreadsheets methods
•   Hardware and software in the loop
•   Mathematical models solved using numerical methods or iteration, including spreadsheets.
It does not cover the following, although the general principles outlined can be applied to these methods:
•   Laboratory tests of components
•   Fatigue rig tests
•   Model scale tests
•   Mathematical models solved analytically.
NOTE: Due to the limited experience in the railway sector in the application of data-based (as opposed to model-based) simulations, for example using artificial intelligence (AI), neural networks, big data, etc., this approach is not further developed at this stage in this document.

  • Technical report
    20 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Draft
    19 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

IEC 60050-821:2017 gives the general terminology relating to signalling and security apparatus for railways, as well as general terms pertaining to specific applications and associated technologies. This new edition reviews and complements the previous one. This terminology is consistent with the terminology developed in the other specialized parts of the IEV.
It has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108.

  • Standard
    404 pages
    English and French language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Standard
    391 pages
    English and French language
    sale 15% off

This European Standard specifies requirements for the design, construction and operation of platform barrier systems positioned at the edge of a station platform immediately adjacent to rail or other guided vehicles in stations and boarding points for passenger services and includes:
- requirements for the fixed structure and fixed parts along the platform;
- physical requirements for the movable doors and gates normally used by passengers;
- requirements for emergency doors;
- requirements for driver access doors;
- requirements for platform extremity doors;
- requirements for management of safety risks that are particular to barrier systems.
This European Standard also gives requirements for the integration of barriers with the overall rail system including:
- synchronization of vehicle and platform barrier doors or gates;
- audible and visible alerts;
- integrity of control systems;
- testing of the barrier installation;
- operational performance;
- requirements relating to other interfacing sub-systems, notably signalling and vehicles.
For barrier systems set back from the platform edge, which are used to control access to trains or for crowd management, relevant sections of the document can be used as guidance.
This European Standard applies to all actors involved in the implementation and system integration of a platform barrier system, including infrastructure owners, designers, installers and operators.
This European Standard does not cover barrier systems using bars, ropes, etc. or which operate in a vertical direction.  
This European Standard applies to light rail services, e.g. metro and tramway systems and heavy rail services as requested by a project specification. It applies to small systems, working in conjunction with a single vehicle, or with larger systems working with a complete train.
This European Standard applies to platform barrier systems used at sub-surface stations, enclosed surface stations (e.g. those enclosed for the purposes of providing an air-conditioned environment for waiting passengers), and those fully in the open-air.
This European Standard does not cover normative requirements relating to fire performance or fire requirements arising from use of platform barrier systems as fire barriers.

  • Standard
    58 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Draft
    54 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This document specifies the measurement method and conditions to obtain reproducible noise levels on-board all kinds of vehicles operating on rails or other types of fixed track, hereinafter conventionally called “unit”, except for track maintenance vehicles in working modes.
This document is applicable to type testing. It does not include all the instructions to carry out monitoring testing or evaluation of noise exposure of passengers or drivers over a whole journey.
This document is not applicable to guided buses.
It provides measurement procedures for vehicle interior noise (in general, a vehicle type test is carried out using only a selected subset of these tests):
—    when the vehicle is moving at constant speed;
—    when the vehicle is stationary;
—    when the vehicle is accelerating or decelerating;
—    in the driver's cab when an external warning horn is sounding (specifically required for European Union regulation application)
It does not provide measurement procedures for:
—    audibility or intelligibility of any audible signals;
—    assessment of warning devices other than warning horns.
The assessment of noise exposure of train crew due to operational conditions is not in the scope of this document.
The results can be used, for example:
—    to characterise the noise inside these units;
—    to compare the internal noise of various units on a particular track section;
—    to collect basic source data for units.
The test procedures specified in this document are of engineering grade (grade 2), the preferred grade for noise declaration purposes as defined in ISO 12001. If test conditions are relaxed, for example as they are for monitoring of in-service trains, then the results are no longer of engineering grade.
The procedures specified for accelerating and decelerating tests are of survey grade (grade 3).

  • Standard
    50 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Draft
    49 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This document specifies the measurement method and conditions to obtain reproducible noise levels on-board all kinds of vehicles operating on rails or other types of fixed track, hereinafter conventionally called “unit”, except for track maintenance vehicles in working modes. This document is applicable to type testing. It does not include all the instructions to carry out monitoring testing or evaluation of noise exposure of passengers or drivers over a whole journey. This document is not applicable to guided buses. It provides measurement procedures for vehicle interior noise (in general, a vehicle type test is carried out using only a selected subset of these tests): — when the vehicle is moving at constant speed; — when the vehicle is stationary; — when the vehicle is accelerating or decelerating; — in the driver's cab when an external warning horn is sounding (specifically required for European Union regulation application) It does not provide measurement procedures for: — audibility or intelligibility of any audible signals; — assessment of warning devices other than warning horns. The assessment of noise exposure of train crew due to operational conditions is not in the scope of this document. The results can be used, for example: — to characterise the noise inside these units; — to compare the internal noise of various units on a particular track section; — to collect basic source data for units. The test procedures specified in this document are of engineering grade (grade 2), the preferred grade for noise declaration purposes as defined in ISO 12001. If test conditions are relaxed, for example as they are for monitoring of in-service trains, then the results are no longer of engineering grade. The procedures specified for accelerating and decelerating tests are of survey grade (grade 3).

  • Standard
    41 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    45 pages
    French language
    sale 15% off
  • Draft
    41 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Draft
    47 pages
    French language
    sale 15% off

This European Standard specifies requirements for the design, construction and operation of platform barrier systems positioned at the edge of a station platform immediately adjacent to rail or other guided vehicles in stations and boarding points for passenger services and includes:
- requirements for the fixed structure and fixed parts along the platform;
- physical requirements for the movable doors and gates normally used by passengers;
- requirements for emergency doors;
- requirements for driver access doors;
- requirements for platform extremity doors;
- requirements for management of safety risks that are particular to barrier systems.
This European Standard also gives requirements for the integration of barriers with the overall rail system including:
- synchronization of vehicle and platform barrier doors or gates;
- audible and visible alerts;
- integrity of control systems;
- testing of the barrier installation;
- operational performance;
- requirements relating to other interfacing sub-systems, notably signalling and vehicles.
For barrier systems set back from the platform edge, which are used to control access to trains or for crowd management, relevant sections of the document can be used as guidance.
This European Standard applies to all actors involved in the implementation and system integration of a platform barrier system, including infrastructure owners, designers, installers and operators.
This European Standard does not cover barrier systems using bars, ropes, etc. or which operate in a vertical direction.  
This European Standard applies to light rail services, e.g. metro and tramway systems and heavy rail services as requested by a project specification. It applies to small systems, working in conjunction with a single vehicle, or with larger systems working with a complete train.
This European Standard applies to platform barrier systems used at sub-surface stations, enclosed surface stations (e.g. those enclosed for the purposes of providing an air-conditioned environment for waiting passengers), and those fully in the open-air.
This European Standard does not cover normative requirements relating to fire performance or fire requirements arising from use of platform barrier systems as fire barriers.

  • Standard
    58 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Draft
    54 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This document provides to the railway operators, system integrators and product suppliers, with guidance and specifications  on how cybersecurity will be managed in the context of the EN 50126-1 RAMS lifecycle process. This document aims at the implementation of a consistent approach to the management of the security of the railway systems. This document can also be applied to the security assurance of systems and components/equipment developed independently of EN 50126.
This document applies to Communications, Signalling and Processing domain, to Rolling Stock and to Fixed Installations domains. It provides references to models and concepts from which requirements and recommendations can be derived and that are suitable to ensure that the residual risk from security threats is identified, supervised and managed to an acceptable level by the railway system duty holder. It presents the underlying security assumptions in a structured manner.
This document does not address functional safety requirements for railway systems but rather additional requirements arising from threats and related security vulnerabilities and for which specific measures and activities need to be taken and managed throughout the lifecycle. The aim of this technical specification is to ensure that the RAMS characteristics of railway systems / subsystems / equipment cannot be reduced, lost or compromised in the case of intentional attacks.
The security models, the concepts and the risk assessment process described in this document are based on or derived from IEC 62443 series standards. In particular, this document is consistent with the application of security management requirements contained within the IEC 62443-2-1 and which are based on EN ISO 27001 and EN ISO 27002

  • Technical specification
    161 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This document provides requirements for electrical safety for:
-   dead working on an overhead contact line system;
-   working activities near an overhead contact line system when it is live.
It applies to all work activities in relation to electrical hazards only.
This document is applicable to overhead contact line systems with the following nominal voltages:
-   1,5 kV and 3 kV dc;
-   15 kV, 2x15 kV, 25 kV and 2x25 kV ac.
It also provides requirements for work activities that can give rise to electrical hazards from the return circuit.
This document does not cover electrical risk arising from:
-   live working on overhead contact line systems (live working can be carried out according to national requirements and practices);
-   working on or near other electrical sources.
If there are no other rules or procedures, this document could be applied to overhead contact line systems with other nominal voltages.

  • Standard
    39 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Standard
    39 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This standard specifies functional requirements for non-UGTMS signalling and control systems in the field of urban rail systems which are along off-street alignment and which operate to “line of sight” or automatic block signalling with intermittent train control.
The standard is restricted to Functional Requirements to which allow users to define more specific requirements based on the given frame of the system requirements at top level. This standard is not applicable to command and control systems for urban rail using continuous data transmission and continuous supervision of train movements by train protection profile already covered by IEC 62290 (UGTMS).

  • Standard
    29 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This document provides requirements for electrical safety for: - dead working on an overhead contact line system; - working activities near an overhead contact line system when it is live. It applies to all work activities in relation to electrical hazards only. This document is applicable to overhead contact line systems with the following nominal voltages: - 1,5 kV and 3 kV dc; - 15 kV, 2x15 kV, 25 kV and 2x25 kV ac. It also provides requirements for work activities that can give rise to electrical hazards from the return circuit. This document does not cover electrical risk arising from: - live working on overhead contact line systems (live working can be carried out according to national requirements and practices); - working on or near other electrical sources. If there are no other rules or procedures, this document could be applied to overhead contact line systems with other nominal voltages.

  • Standard
    39 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Standard
    39 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for radio transmitters and
receivers used in the Euroloop communications system. The system is used in railway systems.
The present document applies to the following equipment:
1) The On-Board Equipment (OBE) transmitting the tele-powering to wake-up the Trackside Equipment and
receiving the Euroloop signal. The OBE comprises a receiver fitted with a dedicated antenna.
2) The Trackside Equipment receiving the tele-powering and transmitting the Euroloop signal. The antenna is a
leaky feeder cable that is always installed in an inner or outer foot of a rail.
NOTE 1: For the purposes of the present document term "Euroloop" will be used as a descriptive term of the
Euroloop communication system as defined by the specifications [1] and [2] of the UNISIG consortia.
The Euroloop transmission system operates in frequency bands listed in table 1 in accordance with the EC Decision
2013/752/EU [i.2], and ERC Recommendation 70-03 [i.3], annex 4.
The present document contains requirements to demonstrate that radio equipment both effectively uses and supports the
efficient use of radio spectrum in order to avoid harmful interference.

  • Standard
    38 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    38 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Standard
    38 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off

Unchanged with respect to the current edition EN 50128:2011.
Scope of the amendment:
- Alignment with EN 50126-1:2017, EN 50126-2:2017 and EN 50129:2018 together with minor corrections

  • Amendment
    14 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Draft
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

Unchanged with respect to the current edition EN 50128:2011. Scope of the amendment: - Alignment with EN 50126-1:2017, EN 50126-2:2017 and EN 50129:2018 together with minor corrections

  • Amendment
    14 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Draft
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This document specifies the concepts and basic requirements for the planning of railway operation in order to reduce risk in the event of earthquakes. This excludes regions where the consequences of seismic hazard for railway operation are low or non-existent. The definition of such regions is out of the scope of this document. NOTE The stages defined for consideration of the countermeasures necessary for the safe management of the seismic hazards can also be relevant for dealing with other natural phenomena. This document includes only operational measures and excludes any infrastructure measures. Furthermore, this document does not include specific measures which ensure, without fail, passenger safety or which provide protection against railway-operational damage caused by earthquakes. Therefore, residual risk can remain.

  • Standard
    14 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    15 pages
    French language
    sale 15% off

This European Standard applies to emission and immunity aspects of EMC for electrical and electronic apparatus and systems intended for use in railway fixed installations for power supply. This includes the power feed to the apparatus, the apparatus itself with its protective control circuits, trackside items such as switching stations, power autotransformers, booster transformers, substation power switchgear and power switchgear to other longitudinal and local supplies. Filters operating at railway system voltage (for example, for harmonic suppression or power factor correction) are not included in this standard since each site has special requirements. Filters would normally have separate enclosures with separate rules for access. If electromagnetic limits are required, these will appear in the specification for the equipment. If a port is intended to transmit or receive for the purpose of radio communication (intentional radiators, e.g. transponder systems), then the radiated emission requirement in this standard are not intended to be applicable to the intentional transmission from a radio-transmitter as defined by the ITU. The frequency range considered is from DC to 400 GHz. No measurements need to be performed at frequencies where no requirement is specified. Emission and immunity limits are given for items of apparatus which are situated: a) within the boundary of a substation which delivers electric power to a railway; b) beside the track for the purpose of controlling or regulating the railway power supply, including power factor correction; c) along the track for the purpose of supplying electrical power to the railway other than by means of the conductors used for contact current collection, and associated return conductors. Included are high voltage feeder systems within the boundary of the railway which supply substations at which the voltage is reduced to the railway system voltage; d) beside the track for controlling or regulating electric power supplies to ancillary railway uses. This category includes power supplies to marshalling yards, maintenance depots and stations; e) various other non-traction power supplies from railway sources which are shared with railway traction. The immunity levels given in this standard apply for: - vital equipment such as protection devices; - equipment having connections to the traction power conductors; - apparatus inside the 3 m zone; - ports of apparatus inside the 10 m zone with connection inside the 3 m zone; - ports of apparatus inside the 10 m zone with cable length > 30 m. Apparatus and systems which are in an environment which can be described as residential, commercial or light industry, even when placed within the physical boundary of the railway substation, shall comply with EN 61000-6-1:2007 for immunity and EN 61000-6-3:2007 for emission requirements. Excluded from the immunity requirements of this standard is power supply apparatus which is intrinsically immune to the tests defined in Tables 1 to 6. NOTE An example is an 18 MVA 230 kV to 25 kV power supply transformer. These specific provisions are to be used in conjunction with the general provisions in EN 50121-1. This part of the standard covers requirements for both apparatus and fixed installations. The sections for fixed installations are not relevant for CE marking.

  • Amendment
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This European Standard applies to emission and immunity aspects of EMC for electrical and electronic apparatus and systems intended for use in railway fixed installations for power supply. This includes the power feed to the apparatus, the apparatus itself with its protective control circuits, trackside items such as switching stations, power autotransformers, booster transformers, substation power switchgear and power switchgear to other longitudinal and local supplies. Filters operating at railway system voltage (for example, for harmonic suppression or power factor correction) are not included in this standard since each site has special requirements. Filters would normally have separate enclosures with separate rules for access. If electromagnetic limits are required, these will appear in the specification for the equipment. If a port is intended to transmit or receive for the purpose of radio communication (intentional radiators, e.g. transponder systems), then the radiated emission requirement in this standard are not intended to be applicable to the intentional transmission from a radio-transmitter as defined by the ITU. The frequency range considered is from DC to 400 GHz. No measurements need to be performed at frequencies where no requirement is specified. Emission and immunity limits are given for items of apparatus which are situated: a) within the boundary of a substation which delivers electric power to a railway; b) beside the track for the purpose of controlling or regulating the railway power supply, including power factor correction; c) along the track for the purpose of supplying electrical power to the railway other than by means of the conductors used for contact current collection, and associated return conductors. Included are high voltage feeder systems within the boundary of the railway which supply substations at which the voltage is reduced to the railway system voltage; d) beside the track for controlling or regulating electric power supplies to ancillary railway uses. This category includes power supplies to marshalling yards, maintenance depots and stations; e) various other non-traction power supplies from railway sources which are shared with railway traction. The immunity levels given in this standard apply for: - vital equipment such as protection devices; - equipment having connections to the traction power conductors; - apparatus inside the 3 m zone; - ports of apparatus inside the 10 m zone with connection inside the 3 m zone; - ports of apparatus inside the 10 m zone with cable length > 30 m. Apparatus and systems which are in an environment which can be described as residential, commercial or light industry, even when placed within the physical boundary of the railway substation, shall comply with EN 61000 6 1:2007 for immunity and EN 61000 6 3:2007 for emission requirements. Excluded from the immunity requirements of this standard is power supply apparatus which is intrinsically immune to the tests defined in Tables 1 to 6. NOTE An example is an 18 MVA 230 kV to 25 kV power supply transformer. These specific provisions are to be used in conjunction with the general provisions in EN 50121 1. This part of the standard covers requirements for both apparatus and fixed installations. The sections for fixed installations are not relevant for CE marking.

  • Standard
    20 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This European Standard applies to emission and immunity aspects of EMC for electrical and electronic apparatus and systems intended for use in railway fixed installations for power supply. This includes the power feed to the apparatus, the apparatus itself with its protective control circuits, trackside items such as switching stations, power autotransformers, booster transformers, substation power switchgear and power switchgear to other longitudinal and local supplies.
Filters operating at railway system voltage (for example, for harmonic suppression or power factor correction) are not included in this standard since each site has special requirements. Filters would normally have separate enclosures with separate rules for access. If electromagnetic limits are required, these will appear in the specification for the equipment.
If a port is intended to transmit or receive for the purpose of radio communication (intentional radiators, e.g. transponder systems), then the radiated emission requirement in this standard are not intended to be applicable to the intentional transmission from a radio-transmitter as defined by the ITU.
The frequency range considered is from DC to 400 GHz. No measurements need to be performed at frequencies where no requirement is specified.
Emission and immunity limits are given for items of apparatus which are situated:
a) within the boundary of a substation which delivers electric power to a railway;
b) beside the track for the purpose of controlling or regulating the railway power supply, including power factor correction;
c) along the track for the purpose of supplying electrical power to the railway other than by means of the conductors used for contact current collection, and associated return conductors. Included are high voltage feeder systems within the boundary of the railway which supply substations at which the voltage is reduced to the railway system voltage;
d) beside the track for controlling or regulating electric power supplies to ancillary railway uses. This category includes power supplies to marshalling yards, maintenance depots and stations;
e) various other non-traction power supplies from railway sources which are shared with railway traction.
The immunity levels given in this standard apply for:
- vital equipment such as protection devices;
- equipment having connections to the traction power conductors;
- apparatus inside the 3 m zone;
- ports of apparatus inside the 10 m zone with connection inside the 3 m zone;
- ports of apparatus inside the 10 m zone with cable length > 30 m.
Apparatus and systems which are in an environment which can be described as residential, commercial or light industry, even when placed within the physical boundary of the railway substation, shall comply with EN 61000-6-1:2007 for immunity and EN 61000-6-3:2007 for emission requirements.
Excluded from the immunity requirements of this standard is power supply apparatus which is intrinsically immune to the tests defined in Tables 1 to 6.
NOTE An example is an 18 MVA 230 kV to 25 kV power supply transformer.
These specific provisions are to be used in conjunction with the general provisions in EN 50121-1.
This part of the standard covers requirements for both apparatus and fixed installations. The sections for fixed installations are not relevant for CE marking.

  • Amendment
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This document specifies the methodologies for calculation of braking performance for railway rolling stock. This document describes the general algorithms/formulae using instantaneous value inputs to perform calculations of brake equipment and braking performance, in terms of stopping/slowing distances, braking power and energy for all types of rolling stock, either as vehicles or units. The calculations can be performed at any stage of the assessment process (design, manufacture, testing, verification, investigation, etc.) of railway rolling stock. This document does not set out specific acceptance criteria (pass/fail). This document is not intended to be used as a design guide for the selection of brake systems and does not specify performance requirements. This document does not provide a method to calculate the extension of stopping distances when the level of demanded adhesion exceeds the available adhesion (wheel slide activity). This document contains examples of the calculation of brake forces for different brake equipment types and examples of the calculation of stopping distance for vehicles or units.

  • Standard
    33 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    33 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    33 pages
    French language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    33 pages
    French language
    sale 15% off

This European Standard applies to signalling and telecommunication apparatus that is installed inside the railway environment. Signalling and telecommunication apparatus mounted in vehicles is covered by EN 50121-3-2:2016, signalling and telecommunication apparatus installed inside the substation and connected to substation equipment is covered by EN 50121-5:2016. This European Standard specifies limits for emission and immunity and provides performance criteria for signalling and telecommunications (S&T) apparatus (including power supply systems belonging to S&T) which may interfere with other apparatus inside the railway environment, or increase the total emissions for the railway environment and so risk causing Electro-Magnetic Interference (EMI) to apparatus outside the railway system. The requirements specified in this standard apply for: — vital equipment such as interlocking or command and control; — apparatus inside the 3 m zone; — ports of apparatus inside the 10 m zone with connection inside the 3 m zone; — ports of apparatus inside the 10 m zone with cable length > 30 m. Other apparatus not covered by at least one of these given cases should be in compliance with EN 61000-6-2. If a port is intended to transmit or receive for the purpose of radio communication (intentional radiators, e.g. transponder systems), then the radiated emission requirement in this standard are not intended to be applicable to the intentional transmission from a radio-transmitter as defined by the ITU. Immunity limits do not apply in the exclusion bands as defined in the corresponding EMC related standard for radio equipment. The standard does not specify basic personal safety requirements for apparatus such as protection against electric shock, unsafe operation, insulation co-ordination and related dielectric tests. The requirements were developed for and are applicable to this set of apparatus when operating under normal conditions. Fault conditions of the apparatus have not been taken into account. The frequency range considered is from DC to 400 GHz. No measurements need to be performed at frequencies where no requirement is specified. For products in the scope of EN 61000-3-2, EN 61000-3-3, EN 61000-3-11 or EN 61000-3-12 the requirements of those standards also apply. These specific provisions are to be used in conjunction with the general provisions in EN 50121-1:2016. The immunity and emission levels do not of themselves guarantee that the integration of apparatus will necessarily be satisfactory. The standard cannot cover all the possible configurations of the apparatus, but the test levels are sufficient to achieve satisfactory EMC in the majority of cases.

  • Amendment
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This European Standard applies to signalling and telecommunication apparatus that is installed inside the railway environment. Signalling and telecommunication apparatus mounted in vehicles is covered by FprEN 50121 3 2:2016, signalling and telecommunication apparatus installed inside the substation and connected to substation equipment is covered by FprEN 50121 5:2016. This European Standard specifies limits for emission and immunity and provides performance criteria for signalling and telecommunications (S&T) apparatus (including power supply systems belonging to S&T) which may interfere with other apparatus inside the railway environment, or increase the total emissions for the railway environment and so risk causing Electro-Magnetic Interference (EMI) to apparatus outside the railway system. The requirements specified given in this standard apply for: — vital equipment such as interlocking or command and control; — apparatus inside the 3 m zone; — ports of apparatus inside the 10 m zone with connection inside the 3 m zone; — ports of apparatus inside the 10 m zone with cable length > 30 m. Other apparatus not covered by at least one of these given cases should be in compliance with EN 61000 6 2. If a port is intended to transmit or receive for the purpose of radio communication (intentional radiators, e.g. transponder systems), then the radiated emission requirement in this standard are not intended to be applicable to the intentional transmission from a radio-transmitter as defined by the ITU. Immunity limits do not apply in the exclusion bands as defined in the corresponding EMC related standard for radio equipment. The standard does not specify basic personal safety requirements for apparatus such as protection against electric shock, unsafe operation, insulation co-ordination and related dielectric tests. The requirements were developed for and are applicable to this set of apparatus when operating under normal conditions. Fault conditions of the apparatus have not been taken into account. The frequency range considered is from DC to 400 GHz. No measurements need to be performed at frequencies where no requirement is specified. For products in the scope of EN 61000 3 2, EN 61000 3 3, EN 61000 3 11 or EN 61000 3 12 the requirements of those standards also apply. These specific provisions are to be used in conjunction with the general provisions in FprEN 50121 1:2016. The immunity and emission levels do not of themselves guarantee that the integration of apparatus will necessarily be satisfactory. The standard cannot cover all the possible configurations of the apparatus, but the test levels are sufficient to achieve satisfactory EMC in the majority of cases.

  • Standard
    17 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This European Standard applies to signalling and telecommunication apparatus that is installed inside the railway environment. Signalling and telecommunication apparatus mounted in vehicles is covered by EN 50121-3-2:2016, signalling and telecommunication apparatus installed inside the substation and connected to substation equipment is covered by EN 50121-5:2016.
This European Standard specifies limits for emission and immunity and provides performance criteria for signalling and telecommunications (S&T) apparatus (including power supply systems belonging to S&T) which may interfere with other apparatus inside the railway environment, or increase the total emissions for the railway environment and so risk causing Electro-Magnetic Interference (EMI) to apparatus outside the railway system.
The requirements specified in this standard apply for:
— vital equipment such as interlocking or command and control;
— apparatus inside the 3 m zone;
— ports of apparatus inside the 10 m zone with connection inside the 3 m zone;
— ports of apparatus inside the 10 m zone with cable length > 30 m.
Other apparatus not covered by at least one of these given cases should be in compliance with EN 61000-6-2.
If a port is intended to transmit or receive for the purpose of radio communication (intentional radiators, e.g. transponder systems), then the radiated emission requirement in this standard are not intended to be applicable to the intentional transmission from a radio-transmitter as defined by the ITU.
Immunity limits do not apply in the exclusion bands as defined in the corresponding EMC related standard for radio equipment.
The standard does not specify basic personal safety requirements for apparatus such as protection against electric shock, unsafe operation, insulation co-ordination and related dielectric tests. The requirements were developed for and are applicable to this set of apparatus when operating under normal conditions. Fault conditions of the apparatus have not been taken into account.
The frequency range considered is from DC to 400 GHz. No measurements need to be performed at frequencies where no requirement is specified.
For products in the scope of EN 61000-3-2, EN 61000-3-3, EN 61000-3-11 or EN 61000-3-12 the requirements of those standards also apply.
These specific provisions are to be used in conjunction with the general provisions in EN 50121-1:2016.
The immunity and emission levels do not of themselves guarantee that the integration of apparatus will necessarily be satisfactory. The standard cannot cover all the possible configurations of the apparatus, but the test levels are sufficient to achieve satisfactory EMC in the majority of cases.

  • Amendment
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This document describes the measurement of the toxicity potential of the products of combustion based on two test methods:
- Method 1: EN ISO 5659-2 Smoke chamber area-based test with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) gas analysis techniques;
- Method 2: NF X70-100-2 Tubular furnace small mass-based test.
NOTE 1 This document also specifies test equipment and set out the calculation procedures for evaluation of toxicity data.
NOTE 2 This document can be used in addition to others for the determination of toxic gases from devices installed in tunnel.

  • Standard
    44 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This European standard is applicable to safety-related electronic systems (including subsystems and equipment) for railway signalling applications.
This European standard applies to generic systems (i.e. generic products or systems defining a class of applications), as well as to systems for specific applications.
The scope of this European standard, and its relationship with other CENELEC standards, are shown in Figure 1.
This European standard is applicable only to the functional safety of systems. It is not intended to deal with other aspects of safety such as the occupational health and safety of personnel. While functional safety of systems clearly can have an impact on the safety of personnel, there are other aspects of system design which can also affect occupational health and safety and which are not covered by this European standard.
This European standard applies to all the phases of the life-cycle of a safety-related electronic system, focusing in particular on phases from 5 (architecture and apportionment of system requirements) to 10 (system acceptance) as defined in EN 50126 (all parts).
Requirements for systems which are not related to safety are outside the scope of this European Standard.
This European standard is not applicable to existing systems, subsystems or equipment (i.e. those which had already been accepted prior to the creation of this European standard). However, as far as reasonably practicable, it should be applied to modifications and extensions to existing systems, subsystems and equipment.
This European standard is primarily applicable to systems, subsystems or equipment which have been specifically designed and manufactured for railway signalling applications. It should also be applied, as far as reasonably practicable, to general-purpose or industrial equipment (e.g. power supplies, display screens or other commercial off the shelf items), which is procured for use as part of a safety-related electronic system. As a minimum, evidence should be provided in such cases to demonstrate either
-   that the equipment is not relied on for safety, or
-   that the equipment can be relied on for those functions which relate to safety.
This European standard is aimed at railway duty holders, railway suppliers, and assessors as well as at safety authorities, although it does not define an approval process to be applied by the safety authorities.
(...)

  • Standard
    154 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Standard
    157 pages
    French language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Draft
    123 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

In accordance with the ERTMS/ETCS specifications, Subset 121, UIC 612 leaflet, ERA_ERTMS_015560 document, EN 50126 and EN 61375 series requirements, this Technical Report describes the Train Display System (TDS) in the driver’s cab, and the link between the TDS/TDC and some of its interfaces (Blue box and blue links only):
Figure 1 - Functional architecture
The scope of this document is to define the functional architecture around the TDC.
This Technical Report excludes the following items:
-   Communication protocols (e.g. EN 61375 series);
-   Ergonomic aspects;
-   Interface with ETCS (Subset 121);
-   Train functions;
-   GSM-R EIRENE functions;
-   Use of the displays as terminals for maintenance purpose.

  • Technical report
    20 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This document provides guidance on railway project planning for decision making. This document explores the key points of railway project planning, based upon the principles of ISO 21500, by incorporating characteristics specific to railway projects. This document covers: — the characteristics of railway projects; — stakeholders and their needs/interests; — conditions; — the definition of each process in a railway project; — key points of planning process; — correlation and causality among principal factors to be considered. This document can be used by any type of organization, including public, private or community organizations, and be applied to any type of railway project, irrespective of its complexity, size, duration, etc. However, this document provides neither detailed requirements nor specific processes for: — certification; — deriving a unique solution (specification for particular systems/products); — decision making itself. Topics pertaining to general projects are addressed only within the context of railway projects.

  • Technical report
    33 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical report
    35 pages
    French language
    sale 15% off

This document specifies methodologies for calculation of braking performance for railway rolling stock and is applicable to all countries. This document describes the general algorithms/formulae using mean value inputs to perform calculations of brake equipment and braking performance in terms of stopping/slowing distances, stationary braking, power and energy for all types of rolling stock, either as single vehicles or train formations, with respect to the braking distance. The calculations can be used at any stage of the assessment process (design, manufacture, testing, verification, investigation, etc.) of railway rolling stock. This document does not set out the specific acceptance criteria (pass/fail). This document is not intended to be used as a design guide for selection of brake systems and does not specify performance requirements. This document does not provide a method to calculate the extension of stopping distances when the level of available adhesion is exceeded (wheel slide activity). This document contains examples of the calculation of brake forces for different brake equipment types and calculation of stopping distance and stationary braking relevant to a single vehicle or a train.

  • Standard
    80 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    84 pages
    French language
    sale 15% off

This Technical Report is covering the description of the pantograph system and the functional
interface between the pantograph system itself and the TCMS, including the context of multiple units.
The pantograph system contains the pantograph and the pantograph control. The internal interface
between pantograph and pantograph control is not in the scope of this document.

  • Technical report
    50 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

The present document identifies the 3GPP Technical Specifications containing provisions relating to the use of GSM
for application on railway networks.
The present document is applicable to GSM communication systems embraced by the European Council Directives
2008/57/EC [i.1] and 2009/131/EC [i.2] on the interoperability of the rail system within the Community.

  • Standard
    10 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Standard
    10 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    10 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off

In accordance with the ERTMS/ETCS specifications, Subset 121, UIC 612 leaflet, ERA_ERTMS_015560 document, EN 50126 and EN 61375 series requirements, this Technical Report describes the Train Display System (TDS) in the driver’s cab, and the link between the TDS/TDC and some of its interfaces (Blue box and blue links only): [figure] Figure 1 - Functional architecture The scope of this document is to define the functional architecture around the TDC. This Technical Report excludes the following items: - Communication protocols (e.g. EN 61375 series); - Ergonomic aspects; - Interface with ETCS (Subset 121); - Train functions; - GSM-R EIRENE functions; - Use of the displays as terminals for maintenance purpose.

  • Technical report
    20 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

This European Standard describes the specific ‘Design for PRM Use’ requirements for obstacle-free routes applying to infrastructure and the assessment of those requirements. The following applies to this European Standard:
-   The definitions and requirements describe specific aspects of ‘Design for PRM Use’ required by persons with disabilities and persons with reduced mobility as defined in the PRM TSI;
-   This European Standard defines elements which are universally valid for obstacle-free routes. The definitions and requirements of this European Standard should be used for infrastructure applications;
-   This European Standard only refers to aspects of accessibility for PRM passengers, it does not define general requirements and general definitions;
-   This European Standard assumes that the infrastructure is in the defined operating condition;
-   Where minimum or maximum dimensions are quoted these are absolute NOT nominal requirements.
This European Standard contains requirements relating to 'Obstacle-free routes'.

  • Standard
    25 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for radio transmitters and receivers used in the Eurobalise transmission system. The system is used in railway environment for the communication between tracks and trains.
It applies to the following equipment units:
a) the On-Board Equipment (OBE) Tele-powering the Eurobalise; and
b) the Eurobalise that is always installed in between the rails.
The OBE comprises a transmitter (normally un-modulated) and a receiver fitted with an integral or dedicated antenna.
The Eurobalise FSK-modulated transmitter is Tele-powered by the OBE and has an integral antenna.
The Eurobalise transmission system operates in frequency bands listed in table 1 in accordance with the EC Decision 2013/752/EU [i.5] and ERC Recommendation 70-03 [i.2], annex 4.
The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for radio transmitters and receivers used in the Eurobalise transmission system. The system is used in railway environment for the communication between tracks and trains.
It applies to the following equipment units:
a) the On-Board Equipment (OBE) Tele-powering the Eurobalise; and
b) the Eurobalise that is always installed in between the rails.
The OBE comprises a transmitter (normally un-modulated) and a receiver fitted with an integral or dedicated antenna.
The Eurobalise FSK-modulated transmitter is Tele-powered by the OBE and has an integral antenna.
The Eurobalise transmission system operates in frequency bands listed in table 1 in accordance with the EC Decision 2013/752/EU [i.5] and ERC Recommendation 70-03 [i.2], annex 4.

  • Standard
    21 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Standard
    21 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    21 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    22 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off

The part 1 of EN 50126
* considers RAMS, understood as reliability, availability, maintainability and safety and their interaction;
* considers the generic aspects of the RAMS life-cycle. The guidance in this part is still applicable in the application of specific standards;
* defines
- a process, based on the system life-cycle and tasks within it, for managing RAMS;
- a systematic process, tailorable to the type and size of system under consideration, for specifying requirements for RAMS and demonstrating that these requirements are achieved;
* addresses railway specifics;
* enables conflicts between RAMS elements to be controlled and managed effectively;
* does not define
- RAMS targets, quantities, requirements or solutions for specific railway applications;
- rules or processes pertaining to the certification of railway products against the requirements of this standard;
- an approval process by the safety authority;
* does not specify requirements for ensuring system security.
The part 1 of EN 50126 is applicable
* to the specification and demonstration of RAMS for all railway applications and at all levels of such an application, as appropriate, from complete railway systems to major systems and to individual and combined sub-systems and  components within these major systems, including those containing software; in particular:
- to new systems;
- to new systems integrated into existing systems accepted prior to the creation of this standard, but only to the extent and insofar as the new system with the new functionality is being integrated. It is otherwise not applicable to any unmodified aspects of the existing system;
- as far as reasonably practicable, to modifications and extensions of existing systems accepted prior to the creation of this standard, but only to the extent and insofar as existing systems are being modified. it is otherwise not applicable to any unmodified aspect of the existing system;
* at all relevant phases of the life-cycle of an application;
* for use by railway duty holders and the railway suppliers.
It is not required to apply this standard to existing systems including those systems already compliant with any version of former EN 50126, which remain unmodified. Railway applications mean Command, Control & Signalling, Rolling Stock and Fixed Installations.
Processes for the specification and demonstration of RAMS requirements are cornerstones of this standard. This European Standard promotes a common understanding and approach to the management of RAMS.
The process defined by this European Standard assumes that railway duty holders and railway suppliers have business-level policies addressing Quality, Performance and Safety. The approach defined in this standard is consistent with the application of quality management requirements contained within the ISO 9001.

  • Standard
    103 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Standard
    114 pages
    French language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Draft
    92 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day

Part 2 of EN 50126
* considers the safety-related generic aspects of the RAMS life-cycle. The guidance in this part is still applicable in the application of specific standards;
* defines methods and tools which are independent of the actual technology of the systems and subsystems;
* provides:
- the user of the standard with the understanding of the system approach to safety which is a key concept of EN 50126;
- methods to derive the safety requirements and their safety integrity requirements for the system and to apportion them to the subsystems;
- methods to derive the safety integrity levels (SIL) for the safety related electronic functions. Note that this standard does not allow the allocation of safety integrity levels to non-electronic functions.
* provides guidance and methods for the following areas:
- system life-cycles;
- systems safety assurance;
- risk assessment process;
- risk management process;
- application of risk acceptance principles and criteria;
- safety integrity concept.
* provides the user with the methods to assure safety with respect to the system under consideration and its interactions;
* provides guidance about the definition of the system under consideration, including identification of the interfaces and the interactions of this system with its subsystems or other systems, in order to conduct the risk analysis;
* addresses railway specifics;
* does not define:
- RAMS targets targets, quantities, requirements or solutions for specific railway applications;
- rules or processes pertaining to the certification of railway products against the requirements of this standard;
- an approval process by the safety authority.
* does not specify requirements for ensuring system security.
This part 2 of EN 50126 is applicable
* to all systems under consideration - as regards safety - within the entire railway system and the stakeholders involved;
* to the specification and demonstration of safety for all railway applications and at all levels of such an application, as appropriate, from complete railway systems to major systems and to individual and combined sub-systems and components within these major systems, including those containing software; in particular:
- to new systems;
- to new systems integrated into existing systems accepted prior to the creation of this standard, but only to the extent and insofar as the new system with the new functionality is being integrated. It is otherwise not applicable to any unmodified aspects of the existing system;
- as far as reasonably practicable, to modifications and extensions of existing systems accepted prior to the creation of this standard, but only to the extent and insofar as existing systems are being modified. it is otherwise not applicable to any unmodified aspect of the existing system;
- at all relevant phases of the life-cycle of an application;
- for use by railway duty holders and the railway suppliers.
It is not required to apply this standard to existing systems including those systems already compliant with any version of former EN 50126, which remain unmodified. Railway applications mean Command, Control & Signalling, Rolling Stock and Fixed Installations.

  • Standard
    77 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Standard
    87 pages
    French language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
  • Draft
    80 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day